不同助剂对植保无人机防控水稻病虫害效果的评价

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240067

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确助剂在植保无人机防控水稻病虫害中的作用,选择火牛、怀农特、杰效利、激健及雅丰5种助剂对稻飞虱、二化螟等“三虫两病”开展了效果评价。结果表明,每667 m²添加怀农特30 mL、杰效利30 mL或激健15 mL 3种助剂能提高药剂防治稻飞虱、二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和稻曲病的药效,对稻飞虱2次药后20 d防治效果分别为97.09%、97.74%和97.51%,比药剂单用效果提升2.02、2.67和2.44百分点;对二化螟防治效果为73.88%、70.99%和73.81%,比药剂单用效果提升6.17、3.28和6.10百分点;对稻纵卷叶螟防治效果为88.99%、88.43%和89.06%,比药剂单用效果提升1.09、0.53和1.16百分点;对稻曲病防治效果为86.21%、85.93%和88.26%,比药剂单用效果提升0.36、0.08和2.41百分点,但以上3种助剂与药剂单用的防治效果无显著性差异。而防治纹枯病时,每667 m²添加火牛10 mL、怀农特30 mL或雅丰10 mL也能对药剂效果起到一定提升作用,防治效果分别为76.53%、74.11%和73.75%,分别比药剂单用效果提升2.94、0.52和0.16百分点,但相互间不存在显著差异。综上,助剂能一定程度提升植保无人机飞防对水稻病虫害的防治效果,但在每667 m²喷液量2 L的基础上效果不显著。

关键词: 助剂, 植保无人机, 水稻病虫, 防治效果

Abstract:

In order to clarify the role of adjuvants in the control of rice diseases and insect pests by spraying drone five adjuvants, including Huoniu, Huainongte, Jiexiaoli, Jijian and Yafeng were selected to evaluate the control effect of "three pests and two diseases" such as rice planthopper and Chilo suppressalis. The results showed that adding 30 mL Huainongte, 30 mL Jiexiaoli or 15 mL Jijian per 667 m² could improve the control effect of rice planthopper, Chilo suppressalis, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, and Ustilaginoidea virens. The control effects of rice planthopper after 20 days of two times of spraying were 97.09%, 97.74% and 97.51%, respectively, which were 2.02, 2.67, and 2.44 percentage points higher than the single use of the insecticide. The control effects of Chilo suppressalis were 73.88%, 70.99% and 73.81%, respectively, which were 6.17, 3.28 and 6.10 percentage points higher than the single use of the insecticide. The control effects of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were 88.99%, 88.43% and 89.06%, respectively, which were 1.09, 0.53 and 1.16 percentage points higher than the single use of the insecticide. The control effects of Ustilaginoidea virens were 86.21%, 85.93% and 88.26%, respectively, which were 0.36, 0.08 and 2.41 percentage points higher than the single use of the fungicide. However, there was no significant difference between the control effects of the above three adjuvants and the single use of the insecticide or fungicide. When adding 10 mL of Huoniu, 30 mL of Huainongte or 10 mL of Yafeng per 667 m² for Thanatephorus cucumeris, the control effects were 76.53%, 74.11% and 73.75%, respectively, which were 2.94, 0.52 and 0.16 percentage points higher than those of the single use of the fungicide, but there was no significant difference between them. In conclusion, the adjuvants can improve the prevention and control effect of spraying drone on rice diseases and insect pests to a certain extent, but the effect is not significant on the basis of spraying spraying drone 2 L per 667 m².

Key words: adjuvant, spraying drone, rice diseases and insect pests, control effect

中图分类号:

S482.92

骆琴, 姚晓明, 寿萌辉, 周宇杰. 不同助剂对植保无人机防控水稻病虫害效果的评价[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(4): 986-991.

LUO Qin, YAO Xiaoming, SHOU Menghui, ZHOU Yujie. Evaluation of different adjuvants on the control effect of rice diseases and insect pests by spraying drone[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(4): 986-991.

图/表 6

参考文献 11

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处理	药后10 d				药后15 d				药后20 d
处理	虫口减退率		防治效果		虫口减退率		防治效果		虫口减退率
药剂单用	71.21		76.45±3.20 a		81.84		90.37±0.89 bc		89.49
药剂+火牛	66.15		71.79±10.70 a		80.93		89.86±1.63 c		86.90
药剂+怀农特	71.73		76.96±2.01 a		81.58		90.20±1.16 bc		89.36
药剂+杰效利	67.83		73.68±3.60 a		86.12		92.61±1.61 abc		88.59
药剂+激健	67.44		73.43±6.00 a		86.51		92.88±2.69 ab		89.11
药剂+雅丰	71.73		77.13±5.31 a		87.81		93.52±0.40 a		89.62
CK	-23.35	0		-88.33		0		-110.12
处理	药后20 d防治效果		药后25 d				药后30 d
处理	药后20 d防治效果		虫口减退率		防治效果		虫口减退率		防治效果
药剂单用	94.98±0.76 a		79.77		92.43±1.13 cd		77.30		91.02±1.88 ab
药剂+火牛	93.73±1.05 a		78.73		92.07±0.56 d		58.75		83.17±8.06 c
药剂+怀农特	94.94±1.54 a		85.08		94.43±0.06 b		79.38		91.74±2.55 ab
药剂+杰效利	94.54±0.89 a		88.59		95.73±0.51a		87.42		95.03±1.02 a
药剂+激健	94.79±1.14 a		88.98		95.87±0.85 a		86.90		94.84±0.84 a
药剂+雅丰	95.11±1.74 a		83.14		93.70±0.35 bc		73.41		89.45±2.57 b
CK	0		-167.70		0		-158.88		0

处理	药后10 d				药后15 d				药后20 d
处理	虫口减退率		防治效果		虫口减退率		防治效果		虫口减退率
药剂单用	71.21		76.45±3.20 a		81.84		90.37±0.89 bc		89.49
药剂+火牛	66.15		71.79±10.70 a		80.93		89.86±1.63 c		86.90
药剂+怀农特	71.73		76.96±2.01 a		81.58		90.20±1.16 bc		89.36
药剂+杰效利	67.83		73.68±3.60 a		86.12		92.61±1.61 abc		88.59
药剂+激健	67.44		73.43±6.00 a		86.51		92.88±2.69 ab		89.11
药剂+雅丰	71.73		77.13±5.31 a		87.81		93.52±0.40 a		89.62
CK	-23.35	0		-88.33		0		-110.12
处理	药后20 d防治效果		药后25 d				药后30 d
处理	药后20 d防治效果		虫口减退率		防治效果		虫口减退率		防治效果
药剂单用	94.98±0.76 a		79.77		92.43±1.13 cd		77.30		91.02±1.88 ab
药剂+火牛	93.73±1.05 a		78.73		92.07±0.56 d		58.75		83.17±8.06 c
药剂+怀农特	94.94±1.54 a		85.08		94.43±0.06 b		79.38		91.74±2.55 ab
药剂+杰效利	94.54±0.89 a		88.59		95.73±0.51a		87.42		95.03±1.02 a
药剂+激健	94.79±1.14 a		88.98		95.87±0.85 a		86.90		94.84±0.84 a
药剂+雅丰	95.11±1.74 a		83.14		93.70±0.35 bc		73.41		89.45±2.57 b
CK	0		-167.70		0		-158.88		0

处理	药后5 d		药后10 d		药后15 d
处理	虫口减退率	防治效果	虫口减退率	防治效果	虫口减退率
药剂单用	77.69	91.67±2.16 a	88.59	97.31±1.04 bc	86.90
药剂+火牛	33.72	74.94±10.58 b	86.90	96.96±1.58 c	82.62
药剂+怀农特	84.31	94.13±1.54 a	94.29	98.66±0.66 a	92.74
药剂+杰效利	91.18	96.80±0.83 a	95.85	99.09±0.50 a	95.46
药剂+激健	82.75	93.63±1.03a	92.74	98.30±1.43ab	95.72
药剂+雅丰	75.36	90.72±2.97 a	92.35	98.22±0.63 ab	93.00
CK	-176.26	0	-341.89	0	-68.09
处理	药后15 d 防治效果	药后20 d		药后25 d
处理	药后15 d 防治效果	虫口减退率	防治效果	虫口减退率	防治效果
药剂单用	92.25±0.86 b	93.13	95.07±1.39 ab	80.42	87.25±2.63 b
药剂+火牛	89.46±2.49 c	88.98	91.77±3.97 ab	80.54	87.51±3.35 b
药剂+怀农特	95.60±1.13 a	95.72	97.09±1.23 a	95.07	96.77±1.55 a
药剂+杰效利	97.42±1.53 a	96.50	97.74±1.55 a	96.11	97.49±0.16 a
药剂+激健	97.50±0.63a	96.24	97.51±0.79 a	92.22	95.00±0.86 a
药剂+雅丰	95.83±0.80 a	95.72	97.07±0.40 a	83.27	89.18±1.12 b
CK	0	-44.75	0	-54.73	0

处理	药后5 d		药后10 d		药后15 d
处理	虫口减退率	防治效果	虫口减退率	防治效果	虫口减退率
药剂单用	77.69	91.67±2.16 a	88.59	97.31±1.04 bc	86.90
药剂+火牛	33.72	74.94±10.58 b	86.90	96.96±1.58 c	82.62
药剂+怀农特	84.31	94.13±1.54 a	94.29	98.66±0.66 a	92.74
药剂+杰效利	91.18	96.80±0.83 a	95.85	99.09±0.50 a	95.46
药剂+激健	82.75	93.63±1.03a	92.74	98.30±1.43ab	95.72
药剂+雅丰	75.36	90.72±2.97 a	92.35	98.22±0.63 ab	93.00
CK	-176.26	0	-341.89	0	-68.09
处理	药后15 d 防治效果	药后20 d		药后25 d
处理	药后15 d 防治效果	虫口减退率	防治效果	虫口减退率	防治效果
药剂单用	92.25±0.86 b	93.13	95.07±1.39 ab	80.42	87.25±2.63 b
药剂+火牛	89.46±2.49 c	88.98	91.77±3.97 ab	80.54	87.51±3.35 b
药剂+怀农特	95.60±1.13 a	95.72	97.09±1.23 a	95.07	96.77±1.55 a
药剂+杰效利	97.42±1.53 a	96.50	97.74±1.55 a	96.11	97.49±0.16 a
药剂+激健	97.50±0.63a	96.24	97.51±0.79 a	92.22	95.00±0.86 a
药剂+雅丰	95.83±0.80 a	95.72	97.07±0.40 a	83.27	89.18±1.12 b
CK	0	-44.75	0	-54.73	0

处理	丛为害率	枯心率	防治效果
药剂单用	8.33	1.57	67.71±4.72 ab
药剂+火牛	10.33	1.80	61.53±9.34 bc
药剂+怀农特	6.67	1.22	73.88±5.04 a
药剂+杰效利	9.00	1.37	70.99±1.75 a
药剂+激健	7.33	1.24	73.81±1.74 a
药剂+雅丰	13.00	1.89	60.10±1.26 c
CK	23.00	4.74	0