不同烟草品种苗期低温低氧抗性主成分分析及综合评价

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240496

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以15个烟草品种为试验材料,设置蒸馏水(对照)和5 ℃低温+1.28 mg·L^-1溶解氧浓度(低温低氧胁迫)2个处理,测定不同处理下各烟草品种幼苗的苗高、鲜重、干重、叶绿素相对含量、苗鲜重、根鲜重6个指标,通过差异显著性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等相结合的方法,对供试烟草品种进行苗期低温低氧综合评价及品种筛选。与对照相比,低温低氧双重胁迫下供试烟草品种各测定指标均受到不同程度的影响。大多数测试指标的低温低氧抗性系数之间存在显著或极显著相关性;基于主成分分析法将6个单项指标的低温低氧抗性系数分为2个主成分,其累计方差贡献率为75.003%;基于综合得分进行聚类分析,可将15个烟草品种分为低温低氧耐受型品种(1个):MS云烟87;低温低氧一般耐受型品种(8个):云烟121、NC82、云烟97、云烟100、NC55、NC297、红花大金元和云烟116;低温低氧一般敏感型品种(2个):K326和KRK26;低温低氧敏感型品种(4个):云雪2号、云雪1号、V2和G28。

关键词: 烟草, 苗期, 低温低氧胁迫, 品种筛选

Abstract:

Using 15 tobacco varieties as experimental materials, two treatments were applied to the tobacco seedlings: distilled water (control) and a combination of 5 ℃ low temperature with 1.28 mg·L^-1 dissolved oxygen concentration (cold and hypoxia stress, CH). Seedling height, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll relative content, seedling fresh weight, and root fresh weight under different treatments were measured for each tobacco variety. Statistical analyses, including difference significance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, were used to evaluate cold and hypoxia resistance and to screen the tobacco varieties. Compared with the control, all measured indicators of the tested tobacco varieties were affected to varying degrees under the cold and hypoxia stress. There was a significant or extremely significant correlation between cold and hypoxia resistance coefficients of most test indicators. Using principal component analysis, cold and hypoxia resistance coefficients of six individual indicators were divided into two principal components, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 75.003%. Based on cluster analysis of the comprehensive scores, the 15 tobacco varieties were classified into 4 categories: one CH-tolerant variety: MS Yunyan87; eight moderately tolerant varieties: Yunyan 121, NC82, Yunyan 97, Yunyan 100, NC55, NC297, Honghua dajinyuan and Yunyan 116; two general sensitive varieties: K326 and KRK26; four sensitive varieties: Yunxue 2, Yunxue 1, V2 and G28.

Key words: tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.), seedling stage, cold and hypoxia stress, variety screening

中图分类号:

S572

索文龙, 李隆禧, 牛永志, 关亚静, 郑昀晔. 不同烟草品种苗期低温低氧抗性主成分分析及综合评价[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(6): 1355-1362.

SUO Wenlong, LI Longxi, NIU Yongzhi, GUAN Yajing, ZHENG Yunye. Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of cold and hypoxia resistance of different tobacco varieties at the seedling stage[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(6): 1355-1362.

图/表 7

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处理	溶解氧浓度/ (mg·L^-1)	溶解氧含量/ %
200 mL营养液+0 g无水亚硫酸钠	8.50	100.00
200 mL营养液+0.01 g无水亚硫酸钠	8.22	92.00
200 mL营养液+0.02 g无水亚硫酸钠	5.54	61.60
200 mL营养液+0.03 g无水亚硫酸钠	4.16	46.40
200 mL营养液+0.04 g无水亚硫酸钠	1.28	14.30

处理	溶解氧浓度/ (mg·L^-1)	溶解氧含量/ %
200 mL营养液+0 g无水亚硫酸钠	8.50	100.00
200 mL营养液+0.01 g无水亚硫酸钠	8.22	92.00
200 mL营养液+0.02 g无水亚硫酸钠	5.54	61.60
200 mL营养液+0.03 g无水亚硫酸钠	4.16	46.40
200 mL营养液+0.04 g无水亚硫酸钠	1.28	14.30

品种编号	抗低温低氧系数(CHC)
品种编号	苗高	鲜重	干重	叶绿素相对含量	苗鲜重	根鲜重
1	1.04±0.03 bcd	1.18±0.05 bcd	1.33±0.13 cd	0.84±0.03 de	1.44±0.38 def	0.84±0.07 ef
2	1.02±0.04 bcde	1.19±0.05 bcd	1.43±0.08 bc	0.87±0 c	1.35±0.12 efg	1.09±0.09 b
3	0.92±0.06 cde	0.87±0.09 fg	1.07±0.07 d e	0.82±0 e	0.95±0.02 hi	0.92±0.04 de
4	1.02±0.10 bcd	0.91±0.14 efg	1.10±0.14 de	0.81±0.02 e	1.08±0.07 ghi	0.71±0.07 gh
5	0.86±0.07 e	1.12±0.09 bcdef	1.31±0.12 cd	0.87±0.03 c	0.82±0.04 i	0.49±0 j
6	1.15±0.10 ab	1.37±0.22 abc	1.73±0.22 a	1.02±0.02 a	1.19±0.08 efgh	0.76±0.01 fg
7	0.89±0.04 de	0.77±0.14 g	0.95±0.20 e	0.76±0 f	1.10±0.05 ghi	0.57±0.03 ij
8	1.07±0.10 bc	1.29±0.20 abcd	1.60±0.17 ab	0.87±0.04 c	1.16±0.05 fgh	1.23±0.08 a
9	0.99±0.07 cde	0.90±0.02 efg	1.14±0.03 de	0.76±0.01 f	1.70±0.10 cd	1.01±0.10 bcd
10	0.88±0.07 de	1.10±0.12 cdef	1.32±0.07 cd	1.00±0.02 a	2.46±0.24 a	1.12±0.05 b
11	0.97±0.04 cde	1.10±0.25 cdef	1.24±0.16 cd	0.93±0.01 b	2.10±0.12 b	0.95±0.09 cde
12	1.03±0.10 bcd	1.15±0.07 bcde	1.33±0.06 cd	0.93±0.03 b	1.49±0.40 de	1.11±0.05 b
13	1.01±0.11 bcde	1.39±0.11 ab	1.74±0.17 a	0.86±0.02 cd	1.81±0.15 bc	0.62±0.03 hi
14	1.05±0.07 bc	1.02±0.14 defg	1.10±0.13 de	1.00±0 a	2.07±0.05 b	1.06±0.10 bc
15	1.28±0.13 a	1.54±0.21 a	1.69±0.21 a	0.93±0.01 b	1.84±0.08 bc	0.79±0.08 fg

品种编号	抗低温低氧系数(CHC)
品种编号	苗高	鲜重	干重	叶绿素相对含量	苗鲜重	根鲜重
1	1.04±0.03 bcd	1.18±0.05 bcd	1.33±0.13 cd	0.84±0.03 de	1.44±0.38 def	0.84±0.07 ef
2	1.02±0.04 bcde	1.19±0.05 bcd	1.43±0.08 bc	0.87±0 c	1.35±0.12 efg	1.09±0.09 b
3	0.92±0.06 cde	0.87±0.09 fg	1.07±0.07 d e	0.82±0 e	0.95±0.02 hi	0.92±0.04 de
4	1.02±0.10 bcd	0.91±0.14 efg	1.10±0.14 de	0.81±0.02 e	1.08±0.07 ghi	0.71±0.07 gh
5	0.86±0.07 e	1.12±0.09 bcdef	1.31±0.12 cd	0.87±0.03 c	0.82±0.04 i	0.49±0 j
6	1.15±0.10 ab	1.37±0.22 abc	1.73±0.22 a	1.02±0.02 a	1.19±0.08 efgh	0.76±0.01 fg
7	0.89±0.04 de	0.77±0.14 g	0.95±0.20 e	0.76±0 f	1.10±0.05 ghi	0.57±0.03 ij
8	1.07±0.10 bc	1.29±0.20 abcd	1.60±0.17 ab	0.87±0.04 c	1.16±0.05 fgh	1.23±0.08 a
9	0.99±0.07 cde	0.90±0.02 efg	1.14±0.03 de	0.76±0.01 f	1.70±0.10 cd	1.01±0.10 bcd
10	0.88±0.07 de	1.10±0.12 cdef	1.32±0.07 cd	1.00±0.02 a	2.46±0.24 a	1.12±0.05 b
11	0.97±0.04 cde	1.10±0.25 cdef	1.24±0.16 cd	0.93±0.01 b	2.10±0.12 b	0.95±0.09 cde
12	1.03±0.10 bcd	1.15±0.07 bcde	1.33±0.06 cd	0.93±0.03 b	1.49±0.40 de	1.11±0.05 b
13	1.01±0.11 bcde	1.39±0.11 ab	1.74±0.17 a	0.86±0.02 cd	1.81±0.15 bc	0.62±0.03 hi
14	1.05±0.07 bc	1.02±0.14 defg	1.10±0.13 de	1.00±0 a	2.07±0.05 b	1.06±0.10 bc
15	1.28±0.13 a	1.54±0.21 a	1.69±0.21 a	0.93±0.01 b	1.84±0.08 bc	0.79±0.08 fg

指标	x₁	x₂	x₃	x₄	x₅
x₂	0.709^{* *}
x₃	0.629^*	0.956^{* *}
x₄	0.357	0.525^*	0.428
x₅	0.123	0.219	0.114	0.510
x₆	0.138	0.040	0.013	0.312	0.409