浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (11): 2566-2570.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240441

• 粮食作物 • 上一篇    下一篇

普通尿素与缓释尿素配施对水稻产量和磷肥利用率的影响

陈伟龙1(), 沈文英1, 肖佳丽2, 屠昌鹏1,*(), 曹雪仙3,*()   

  1. 1 玉环市农业农村和水利局, 浙江 玉环 317600
    2 遂昌县西畈乡人民政府, 浙江 丽水 323312
    3 天台县农业技术推广总站, 浙江 台州 317200
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-29 出版日期:2025-11-11 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 屠昌鹏(1973—),男,浙江台州人,高级农艺师,学士,主要从事农业技术推广工作,E-mail:747093510@qq.com;
    曹雪仙(1972—),女,浙江天台人,高级农艺师,学士,主要从事农业技术推广工作,E-mail:xuexcao@163.com。
  • 作者简介:陈伟龙(1988—),男,浙江台州人,农艺师,学士,主要从事农业技术推广工作,E-mail:chwl505@163.com。

Effects of combined application of conventional urea and slow-release urea on rice yield and phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency

CHEN Weilong1(), SHEN Wenying1, XIAO Jiali2, TU Changpeng1,*(), CAO Xuexian3,*()   

  1. 1 Bureau of Agriculture, Rural Affairs and Water Resources of Yuhuan City, Yuhuan 317600, Zhejiang
    2 Xifan Township People's Government of Suichang County, Lishui 323312, Zhejiang
    3 Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Tiantai County, Taizhou 317200, Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-05-29 Online:2025-11-11 Published:2025-12-01

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摘要：

为探究普通尿素与缓释尿素配施对水稻产量及磷肥利用率的影响,设置了CK(不施肥)、NK、N2K、NPK、N2PK和N3PK共6个处理进行田间试验。结果表明,在秸秆还田条件下,不施肥处理(CK)的水稻籽粒产量最低,为5 577 kg·hm-2,相当于NPK处理产量的60.10%,这说明NPK处理肥料的增产贡献率为39.90%;而不施磷处理(NK和N2K)的籽粒平均产量为施磷处理(NPK、N2PK和N3PK)平均产量的86.46%,表明磷肥的增产贡献率为13.54%。与CK相比,施磷处理(NPK、N2PK和N3PK)显著(p<0.05)提高了水稻籽粒产量,其中配施缓释尿素处理(N2PK和N3PK)效果尤为显著。与不施磷处理(NK和N2K)相比,配施缓释尿素处理(N2PK和N3PK)的水稻籽粒产量、秸秆产量、秸秆磷含量、籽粒吸磷量和秸秆吸磷量均显著提高。与NPK处理相比,配施缓释尿素处理(N2PK和N3PK)的磷肥表观利用率提高了11.2百分点。综上所述,在本试验条件下,推荐采用配施缓释尿素的施肥方式(N2PK和N3PK),可有效提高水稻产量和磷肥利用率。

关键词: 水稻, 缓释尿素, 磷肥, 肥料利用率, 产量

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of combined application of conventional urea and slow-release urea on rice yield and phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency, a field experiment was conducted with six treatments: CK (no fertilizer), NK, N2K, NPK, N2PK, and N3PK. The results showed that under straw return conditions, the rice grain yield of the no fertilizer treatment (CK) was the lowest, at 5 577 kg·hm-2, accounting for 60.10% of the yield in the NPK treatment, indicating a fertilizer-induced yield increase contribution rate of 39.90%. The average grain yield of the no-phosphorus treatments (NK and N2K) was 86.46% of that of the phosphorus-applied treatments (NPK, N2PK, and N3PK), demonstrating a phosphorus fertilizer contribution rate of 13.54%. Compared with CK, the phosphorus-applied treatments (NPK, N2PK, and N3PK) significantly (p<0.05) increased rice grain yield, with the combined slow-release urea treatments (N2PK and N3PK) showing particularly notable effects. Compared with the no-phosphorus treatments (NK and N2K), the combined slow-release urea treatments (N2PK and N3PK) significantly enhanced grain yield, straw yield, straw phosphorus content, grain phosphorus uptake, and straw phosphorus uptake. Compared with the NPK treatment, the combined slow-release urea treatments (N2PK and N3PK) increased the apparent phosphorus recovery efficiency by 11.2 percentage points. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, the combined application of slow-release urea (N2PK and N3PK) is recommended to effectively improve rice yield and phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency.

Key words: rice, slow-release urea, phosphorus fertilizer, fertilizer use efficiency, yield

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