高温对嫁接西瓜苗期生长的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250472

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究高温对嫁接西瓜苗期生长发育的影响,本研究以浙蜜8号为接穗、野壮1号为砧木构建嫁接苗,以自根苗为对照,在42 ℃高温处理5 d后分析其生理变化。结果显示,嫁接苗下胚轴粗度受高温抑制程度显著(P<0.05)低于自根苗。高温下嫁接苗真叶SPAD值降幅较自根苗小,嫁接苗MDA含量较自根苗降低44.9%,嫁接苗POD活性较常温升高25.0%,CAT活性较常温变化不显著,而高温下自根苗CAT活性较常温升高38.2%。高温下嫁接苗可溶性糖含量较自根苗提高32.4%。嫁接通过稳定光合机构、强化抗氧化酶协同防御、优化渗透调节物质分配等方式重塑高温胁迫应答网络。该研究为耐热砧木选育及抗逆栽培提供了理论依据。

关键词: 西瓜, 嫁接, 高温, 抗氧化酶活性, 下胚轴

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of high temperature on seedling growth and development of grafted watermelon, this study used the watermelon variety Zhemi 8 as the scion and Yezhuang 1 as the stock to construct grafted seedlings. Self-rooted seedlings were used as the control, and their physiological changes were analyzed after 5 days of high temperature treatment at 42 ℃. The results showed that the thickness of hypocotyls in grafted seedlings was significantly (P<0.05) less inhibited by high temperature than in self-rooted seedlings. The decrease in SPAD value of true leaves of grafted seedlings was smaller than that of self-rooted seedlings under high temperature, and the MDA content of grafted seedlings decreased by 44.9% compared with self-rooted seedlings under high temperature. The POD activity of grafted seedlings increased by 25.0% under high temperature compared with normal temperature, and the CAT activity did not change significantly compared with normal temperature. However, the CAT activity of self-rooted seedlings increased by 38.2% under high temperature compared with normal temperature. The soluble sugar content of grafted seedlings was 32.4% higher than that of self-rooted seedlings under high temperature. The grafting reshapes the high-temperature stress response network through stable photosynthetic mechanisms, strengthened antioxidant enzyme defense, and optimized distribution of osmoregulatory substances. This study provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of heat-resistant stock and stress-resistant cultivation.

Key words: watermelon, grafting, high temperature, antioxidant enzyme activity, hypocotyl

中图分类号:

S651

邢乃林, 严蕾艳, 黄芸萍, 王毓洪. 高温对嫁接西瓜苗期生长的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(10): 2395-2399.

XING Nailin, YAN Leiyan, HUANG Yunping, WANG Yuhong. Effect of high temperature on seedling growth of grafted watermelon[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(10): 2395-2399.

图/表 2

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处理	接穗下胚轴长/cm	接穗下胚轴粗/mm	子叶SPAD值	真叶SPAD值	子叶颜色L^*值
YZ1/ZM8-T	3.10±0.06 d	2.62±0.04 ab	61.38±0.68 b	47.70±0.51 b	50.40±0.09 a
YZ1/ZM8-CK	3.30±0.03 c	2.69±0.06 a	63.24±0.69 a	48.64±0.69 b	46.98±0.57 b
ZM8-T	6.56±0.08 a	2.41±0.02 c	62.69±0.50 ab	48.06±0.15 b	50.20±0.85 a
ZM8-CK	6.24±0.11 b	2.53±0.03 b	58.07±0.46 c	51.93±0.10 a	47.59±0.59 b
处理	子叶颜色a^*值	子叶颜色b^*值	真叶颜色L^*值	真叶颜色a^*值	真叶颜色b^*值
YZ1/ZM8-T	-7.65±0.52 a	25.50±0.36 a	45.92±0.39 a	-6.10±0.36 a	17.38±0.57 a
YZ1/ZM8-CK	-8.57±0.44 b	20.36±0.07 c	45.96±0.44 a	-7.91±0.09 c	16.96±0.30 a
ZM8-T	-7.23±0.09 a	21.44±0.54 b	43.19±0.06 b	-5.74±0.12 a	14.53±0.45 b
ZM8-CK	-7.86±0.25 ab	19.96±0.04 c	43.14±0.27 b	-6.83±0.18 b	14.45±0.33 b

处理	接穗下胚轴长/cm	接穗下胚轴粗/mm	子叶SPAD值	真叶SPAD值	子叶颜色L^*值
YZ1/ZM8-T	3.10±0.06 d	2.62±0.04 ab	61.38±0.68 b	47.70±0.51 b	50.40±0.09 a
YZ1/ZM8-CK	3.30±0.03 c	2.69±0.06 a	63.24±0.69 a	48.64±0.69 b	46.98±0.57 b
ZM8-T	6.56±0.08 a	2.41±0.02 c	62.69±0.50 ab	48.06±0.15 b	50.20±0.85 a
ZM8-CK	6.24±0.11 b	2.53±0.03 b	58.07±0.46 c	51.93±0.10 a	47.59±0.59 b
处理	子叶颜色a^*值	子叶颜色b^*值	真叶颜色L^*值	真叶颜色a^*值	真叶颜色b^*值
YZ1/ZM8-T	-7.65±0.52 a	25.50±0.36 a	45.92±0.39 a	-6.10±0.36 a	17.38±0.57 a
YZ1/ZM8-CK	-8.57±0.44 b	20.36±0.07 c	45.96±0.44 a	-7.91±0.09 c	16.96±0.30 a
ZM8-T	-7.23±0.09 a	21.44±0.54 b	43.19±0.06 b	-5.74±0.12 a	14.53±0.45 b
ZM8-CK	-7.86±0.25 ab	19.96±0.04 c	43.14±0.27 b	-6.83±0.18 b	14.45±0.33 b

处理	MDA含量/ (nmol·g^-1)	可溶性糖含量/ (mg·g^-1)	POD活性/ (U·g^-1)	CAT活性/ (mmol·min^-1·g^-1)
YZ1/ZM8-T	29.31±0.62 b	5.27±0.23 a	569.79±30.84 a	10.07±0.13 a
YZ1/ZM8-CK	20.71±0.52 c	3.46±0.05 b	455.66±4.66 b	10.42±0.57 a
ZM8-T	53.15±0.89 a	3.98±0.04 b	398.40±12.36 c	11.40±0.27 a
ZM8-CK	26.21±1.07 bc	3.40±0.14 b	457.94±9.02 b	8.25±1.16 b

处理	MDA含量/ (nmol·g^-1)	可溶性糖含量/ (mg·g^-1)	POD活性/ (U·g^-1)	CAT活性/ (mmol·min^-1·g^-1)
YZ1/ZM8-T	29.31±0.62 b	5.27±0.23 a	569.79±30.84 a	10.07±0.13 a
YZ1/ZM8-CK	20.71±0.52 c	3.46±0.05 b	455.66±4.66 b	10.42±0.57 a
ZM8-T	53.15±0.89 a	3.98±0.04 b	398.40±12.36 c	11.40±0.27 a
ZM8-CK	26.21±1.07 bc	3.40±0.14 b	457.94±9.02 b	8.25±1.16 b