浙江农业科学

浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (10): 2388-2394.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240728

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

西瓜、甜瓜耐高温和低温的砧木种质筛选

李婧天1,2(), 吴早贵3, 金炳胜4, 陈小央3,*(), 王洋1,*()   

  1. 1.浙江农林大学 现代农学院 全省浙南作物育种重点实验室,浙江 杭州 311300
    2.杭州市富阳区灵桥镇人民政府,浙江 杭州 311400
    3.浙江省种子管理总站,浙江 杭州 310000
    4.杭州康成农业科技有限公司,浙江 杭州 311100
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-11 出版日期:2025-10-11 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 陈小央(1970—),女,浙江诸暨人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事农作物种子种苗生产技术推广,E-mail: caroline1201@163.com;王洋(1987—),男,江西吉安人,副教授,主要从事农作物种子科学与技术研究,E-mail: wangyang@zafu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:李婧天(2001—),女,浙江杭州人,本科,主要从事瓜菜砧木优质种质筛选研究,E-mail: ljt242770051@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2023SNJF012)

Rootstock germplasm screening for watermelon and melon resistant to high and low temperature

LI Jingtian1,2(), WU Zaogui3, JIN Bingsheng4, CHEN Xiaoyang3,*(), WANG Yang1,*()   

  1. 1. College of Advanced Agricultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University,Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding in Southern Zhejiang, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang
    2. The People's Government of Lingqiao Town, Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang
    3. Zhejiang Provincial Seed Management Station, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang
    4. Hangzhou Kangcheng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311100, Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-09-11 Online:2025-10-11 Published:2025-10-21

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摘要： 极端高温和低温天气严重制约了西瓜、甜瓜产业发展,采用抗性砧木嫁接是应对高温和低温灾害、实现抗逆稳产的有效途径。本研究以浙江省西瓜、甜瓜产业应用广泛的砧木种质为试验材料,以25 ℃常温为对照,分别设置15 ℃低温和35 ℃高温处理,测定了各砧木种质在不同温度下的发芽指标、幼苗质量和相对值。结果表明,15 ℃低温处理降低了各砧木种质的发芽指标和幼苗质量,但不同种质间差异显著(P<0.05),筛选出耐低温的西瓜和甜瓜砧木种质分别为思壮9号和思壮8号。35 ℃高温处理降低了甜瓜砧木种质的发芽指标和幼苗质量,但思壮8号的相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对发芽指数等均较高,表现出良好的耐高温性,因此,思壮8号也是耐高温甜瓜砧木种质。高温胁迫仅对西瓜砧木绿壮士的发芽指标影响较大,综合实际发芽指标和幼苗质量以及相对值,筛选出耐高温西瓜砧木种质为思壮9号和思壮10号。

关键词: 西瓜, 甜瓜, 砧木, 高温, 低温, 种质

Abstract:

Extreme high and low temperature seriously restricts the development of watermelon and melon industry, and the use of resistant rootstock grafting is an effective way to cope with high and low temperature disasters and achieve stress resistance and stable yield. In this paper, the germplasm of rootstocks, which were widely used in the watermelon and melon industry in Zhejiang Province, were used as the experimental materials. Germination indexes, seedling quality and relative values of each rootstock germplasm were measured by setting low temperature treatment at 15 ℃ and high temperature at 35 ℃, while 25 ℃ was set as a control. The results showed that low temperature treatment at 15 ℃ reduced the germination index and seedling quality of each rootstock germplasm, but there were significant differences among different germplasms. The low temperature tolerant watermelon and melon rootstock germplasm were screened out as Sizhuang 9 and Sizhuang 8, respectively. High temperature treatment at 35 ℃ reduced the germination index and seedling quality of melon rootstock germplasm, but the relative germination potential, relative germination rate and relative germination index of Sizhuang 8 were high, showing high temperature tolerance, so Sizhuang 8 was also a high temperature tolerant melon rootstock germplasm. High temperature stress only had a great effect on the germination index of watermelon rootstock Lvzhuangshi, and high temperature tolerant watermelon rootstock germplasm was selected as Sizhuang 9 and Sizhuang 10 based on the actual germination index, seedling quality and relative values.

Key words: watermelon, melon, rootstock, high temperature, low temperature, germplasm

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