浙江农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (10): 2509-2513.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250301

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

减氮配施有机肥对稻-麦轮作体系作物吸钾效率和土壤供钾能力的影响

柯桢1(), 林梦沁2, 齐杰3, 屠昌鹏4()   

  1. 1.三门县农业农村局,浙江 三门 317100
    2.三门县亭旁镇农业综合和经济建设服务中心,浙江 三门 317100
    3.遂昌县西畈乡人民政府,浙江 遂昌 323312
    4.玉环市农业农村和水利局,浙江 玉环 317600
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-08 出版日期:2026-10-11 发布日期:2026-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 屠昌鹏
  • 作者简介:屠昌鹏,E-mail:747093510@qq.com。
    柯桢,从事土壤肥料技术推广应用工作。E-mail:as86610@163.com。

Effects of reduced nitrogen application combined with organic fertilizer on crop potassium uptake efficiency and soil potassium supply capacity in rice-wheat rotation system

KE Zhen1(), LIN Mengqin2, QI Jie3, TU Changpeng4()   

  1. 1.Sanmen County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Sanmen 317100,Zhejiang
    2.Agricultural Comprehensive and Economic Development Service Center of Tingpang Town,Sanmen County,Sanmen 317100,Zhejiang
    3.People's Government of Xifan Township,Suichang County,Suichang 323312,Zhejiang
    4.Agriculture,Rural Affairs and Water Resources Bureau of Yuhuan City,Yuhuan 317600,Zhejiang
  • Received:2025-04-08 Online:2026-10-11 Published:2026-10-19
  • Contact: TU Changpeng

摘要:

为探究减氮配施有机肥对稻-麦轮作体系的影响,设置无钾区(NP)、常规施肥(N100)、常规施肥处理的基础上氮肥减施15%(N85)、常规施肥处理的基础上氮肥减施30%(N70)、常规施肥处理的基础上氮肥减施15%配施有机肥(MN85)和常规施肥处理的基础上氮肥减施30%配施有机肥(MN70)6个处理进行试验。结果表明,与N100处理相比,MN85处理水稻和冬小麦生物量分别显著(p<0.05)提高了5.5%和16.2%,小麦籽粒和秸秆吸钾量分别显著提高了23.4%和63.6%。施钾肥提高了作物秸秆钾含量,缓解了土壤钾素亏缺,但降低了钾素内部效率,且配施有机肥导致钾肥偏生产力下降。与NP处理相比,MN85处理土壤有效钾含量显著提高,但各处理间全钾和缓效钾含量无显著变化。总之,氮肥减施15%并配施有机肥在产量提升和钾素平衡方面均表现最优,但长期施用需关注有机肥的钾素释放特性及土壤钾库容的可持续性。

关键词: 稻-麦轮作, 减施氮肥, 有机肥, 钾素吸收, 土壤供钾能力

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of reduced nitrogen application combined with organic fertilizer on the rice-wheat rotation system,six treatments were set up:no potassium(NP),conventional fertilization(N100),15% nitrogen reduction based on conventional fertilization(N85),30% nitrogen reduction based on conventional fertilization(N70),15% nitrogen reduction based on conventional fertilization with organic fertilizer(MN85),and 30% nitrogen reduction based on conventional fertilization with organic fertilizer(MN70). The results showed that compared with N100,MN85 significantly (p<0.05)increased the biomass of rice and winter wheat by 5.5% and 16.2%,respectively,and significantly increased potassium uptake in wheat grains and straw by 23.4% and 63.6%,respectively. Potassium fertilization increased straw potassium content and alleviated soil potassium deficit,but reduced internal potassium efficiency,and combined application of organic fertilizer decreased the partial factor productivity of potassium fertilizer. Compared with NP,MN85 significantly increased soil available potassium content,while no significant changes were observed in total potassium or slow-release potassium among treatments. In conclusion,15% nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer performed best in both yield improvement and potassium balance,but attentions should be paid to the potassium release characteristics of organic fertilizer and the sustainability of soil potassium pool for the long-term application.

Key words: rice-wheat rotation, reduced nitrogen fertilization, organic fertilizer, potassium uptake, soil potassium supply capacity

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