浙江农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (3): 661-666.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230167

• 植保技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙东山地丘陵麦区杂草群落组成

蔡新仪1(), 项秉晗2, 潘苏峰1, 应俊杰3, 闫成进1,*()   

  1. 1.温州科技职业学院 浙南作物育种重点实验室,浙江 温州 325006
    2.台州市黄岩区农业技术推广中心,浙江 台州 318020
    3.仙居县植物保护检疫站,浙江 台州 318020
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-15 出版日期:2024-03-11 发布日期:2024-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 闫成进(1985—),女,山东潍坊人,副教授,博士,从事病虫害生物生态防控研究,E-mail:ycj685@163.com
  • 作者简介:蔡新仪(1996—),女,湖北黄冈人,实习研究员,硕士,研究方向为除草剂毒理与杂草抗药性,E-mail:caixinyi2019102113@163.com

Weed community composition in the hilly wheat area of eastern Zhejiang Province

CAI Xinyi1(), XIANG Binghan2, PAN Sufeng1, YING Junjie3, YAN Chengjin1,*()   

  1. 1. Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding in Southern Zhejiang, Wenzhou 325006, Zhejiang
    2. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Huangyan District, Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang
    3. Xianju County Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang
  • Received:2023-02-15 Online:2024-03-11 Published:2024-04-08

摘要:

为了解浙北山地丘陵小麦田杂草的发生种类和群落结构,实现麦田杂草的可持续治理,在浙北山地的典型麦区仙居县开展杂草调查,进行群落多样性和聚类分析。结果表明,仙居县小麦田杂草共34种,隶属于16科,相对优势度大于10%的杂草依次为看麦娘、牛繁缕、碎米荠。对53块样田的多样性进行研究,Simpson指数平均值为0.70,Shannon-Wiener指数平均值为1.53,Pielou指数平均值为0.74,Margalef指数平均值为1.08。聚类分析结果表明,杂草群落可分为4个类群。类群1优势种为看麦娘、臭独行菜、猪殃殃。类群2优势种为牛繁缕、野老鹳草、臭独行菜、婆婆纳。类群3和类群4的优势种均为看麦娘、牛繁缕、碎米荠,但3种杂草在这2个类群里的相对优势度存在差异。综上所述,仙居恶性杂草为看麦娘、牛繁缕,区域恶性杂草为碎米荠,宜选择氟噻草胺、甲基二磺隆、噻吩磺隆3种除草剂搭配除草。

关键词: 小麦, 相对优势度, 多样性, 群落结构

Abstract:

In order to understand the occurrence types and community structure of weeds in wheat fields in the mountainous hills of northern Zhejiang, and to achieve sustainable management of weeds in wheat fields, a weed survey was carried out in Xianju County, a typical wheat area in the mountainous areas of northern Zhejiang, and community diversity and cluster analysis were carried out. The results showed that there were 34 species of weeds in the wheat field in Xianju County, belonging to 16 families, and the weeds with relative dominance greater than 10% were Alopecurus aequalis Sobol., Stellaria aquatica (L.) Scop., Cardamine hirsuta L. The diversity of 53 fields was studied, and the average Simpson index was 0.70, the Shannon-Wiener index was 1.53, the Pielou index was 0.74, and the Margalef index was 1.08. The results of cluster analysis showed that the weed community could be divided into four groups. The dominant species in group 1 were Alopecurus aequalis Sobol., Lepidium didymum L., Galium spurium L. The two dominant species in the group 2 were Geranium carolinianum L., Lepidium didymum L., Veronica polita Fries. The dominant species in groups 3 and 4 were Alopecurus aequalis Sobol., Stellaria aquatica (L.) Scop. and Cardamine hirsuta L., but there were differences in the relative dominance of the three weeds in these two groups. To sum up, the malignant weeds in Xianju are Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.and Stellaria aquatica (L.) Scop., and the regional malignant weeds are Cardamine hirsuta L., so it is advisable to choose three herbicides of fluthiachlor, methyl disulfuron, and thiophenesulfuron-methyl with weeding.

Key words: wheat, relative dominance, diversity, community structure

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