生长调节剂处理对刺葡萄果实品质的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20250546

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

刺葡萄是我国重要的野生资源,营养丰富,抗性强,但果粒偏小、种子多、糖度低、无香气。本文探究生产中常用的赤霉素(GA)、氯吡脲(CPPU)、噻苯隆(TDZ)、脱落酸(ABA)、油菜素内酯(BR)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)等处理对刺葡萄无核化、果实膨大及品质的影响。结果表明,盛花期处理时使用25~75 mg·L^-1 GA处理后的果实单粒重比添加CPPU或TDZ显著(p<0.05)增大。盛花期T5处理(使用25 mg·L^-1 GA+2.5 mg·L^-1 TDZ进行第一次处理,15 d后使用50 mg·L^-1 GA+10 mg·L^-1 TDZ进行第二次处理)的种子数目最少,表皮厚度、表皮细胞总面积、表皮细胞平均面积最大。终花期T5处理的刺葡萄果实总酚和花色苷含量最高,H₂O处理(T0)的刺葡萄可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、白藜芦醇含量、单宁含量最高。大棚种植刺葡萄品质优于长廊,转色期MeJA处理果穗重和单粒重最大,TSS含量也最高。转色期BR处理果实白藜芦醇、单宁和花色苷含量最高,以上结果为刺葡萄栽培生产提供了理论基础。

关键词: 刺葡萄, 无核, 膨大, 成熟, 果实品质

Abstract:

Vitis davidii Foëx is an important wild resource in China, with rich nutrients and strong resistance, but small fruit size, multiple seeds, low sugar content, and no aroma. This study investigated the effects of commonly used treatments such as GA, CPPU, TDZ, ABA, BR, and MeJA on the seedlessness, fruit expansion and fruit quality of Vitis davidii Foëx. The results showed that the single fruit weight treated with 25-75 mg·L^-1 GA during the peak flowering period was significantly(p<0.05) greater than that treated with CPPU or TDZ. T5 treatment during the peak flowering period (using 25 mg·L^-1 GA+2.5 mg·L^-1 TDZ for the first treatment, and 50 mg·L^-1 GA+10 mg·L^-1 TDZ for the second treatment after 15 days) showed the best seedlessness effect, the highest epidermal thickness, total epidermal cell area, and average epidermal cell area. The total phenolic and anthocyanin contents of Vitis davidii Foëx fruits of T5 treatment during the final flowering period were the highest, while the soluble solids (TSS) content, resveratrol content, and tannin content of H₂O treatment (T0) were the highest.The fruit quality of Vitis davidii Foëx grown in greenhouses was better than that in long corridors. During the color conversion period, MeJA treatment resulted in the highest bunch weight and single fruit weight, as well as the highest TSS content, while BR treatment resulted in the highest resveratrol, tannin, and anthocyanin contents of Vitis davidii Foëx fruits. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and production of Vitis davidii Foëx.

Key words: Vitis davidii Foëx, seedlessness, expansion, maturity, fruit quality

中图分类号:

S641.2

朱梦菲, 周萍萍, 郑婷, 吴江. 生长调节剂处理对刺葡萄果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(12): 3002-3007.

ZHU Mengfei, ZHOU Pingping, ZHENG Ting, WU Jiang. Effects of growth regulator treatments on fruit quality of Vitis davidii Foëx[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(12): 3002-3007.

图/表 6

参考文献 22

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处理		果穗重/ g	果穗纵径/ cm	果穗横径/ cm	单粒重/ g	果粒纵径/ cm	果粒横径/ cm	种子数目
盛花期处理	T0	273.10±51.03 g	18.40±1.78 d	11.13±0.95 c	3.84±0.02 g	2.05±0.01 d	1.83±0.01 g	2.83 b
	T1	286.77±71.11 d	17.03±4.06 g	14.27±2.98 a	5.02±0.02 e	2.15±0.01 c	2.06±0.01 d	3.42 a
	T2	283.37±18.19 e	17.23±0.94 f	9.60±0.63 g	5.38±0.21 c	2.27±0.01 b	2.07±0.02 c	2.55 f
	T3	274.37±8.03 f	19.70±1.12 c	10.67±1.39 d	5.51±0.01 b	2.27±0.01 b	2.17±0.05 a	2.63 e
	T4	303.20±17.86 b	20.87±0.81 a	11.90±0.56 b	5.61±0.18 a	2.30±0.02 a	2.09±0.05 b	2.78 d
	T5	301.57±20.16 c	17.87±4.87 e	9.83±1.01 f	5.09±0.28 d	2.13±0.03 c	2.05±0.05 e	2.23 g
	T6	367.30±38.50 a	19.87±3.63 b	10.33±0.85 e	4.42±0.20 f	2.07±0.01 d	1.97±0.04 f	2.80 c
终花期处理	T0	266.10±29.68 g	18.70±0.88 e	10.73±1.21 e	3.81±0.12 g	2.17±0.01 d	1.85±0.02 e	3.11 b
	T1	296.50±61.89 e	19.70±4.80 c	11.73±4.01 d	4.82±0.23 f	2.14±0.02 e	2.03±0.03 d	2.66 g
	T2	293.07±44.93 f	19.40±0.98 d	10.13±0.68 g	6.13±0.30 a	2.26±0.10 b	2.06±0.09 b	2.84 c
	T3	327.17±54.58 c	20.67±3.84 a	10.67±2.27 f	5.74±0.11 b	2.32±0.04 a	2.15±0.04 a	2.76 e
	T4	309.53±70.79 d	18.33±5.11 f	12.07±1.68 b	5.18±0.06 c	2.22±0.07 c	2.06±0.02 b	2.69 f
	T5	507.75±98.55 a	19.75±1.91 b	13.05±3.18 a	4.84±0.19 e	2.12±0.02 f	2.04±0.01 c	2.80 d
	T6	389.70±72.63 b	17.70±0.69 g	11.85±0.52 c	4.91±0.24 d	2.11±0.04 f	2.04±0.01 c	3.40 a

处理		果穗重/ g	果穗纵径/ cm	果穗横径/ cm	单粒重/ g	果粒纵径/ cm	果粒横径/ cm	种子数目
盛花期处理	T0	273.10±51.03 g	18.40±1.78 d	11.13±0.95 c	3.84±0.02 g	2.05±0.01 d	1.83±0.01 g	2.83 b
	T1	286.77±71.11 d	17.03±4.06 g	14.27±2.98 a	5.02±0.02 e	2.15±0.01 c	2.06±0.01 d	3.42 a
	T2	283.37±18.19 e	17.23±0.94 f	9.60±0.63 g	5.38±0.21 c	2.27±0.01 b	2.07±0.02 c	2.55 f
	T3	274.37±8.03 f	19.70±1.12 c	10.67±1.39 d	5.51±0.01 b	2.27±0.01 b	2.17±0.05 a	2.63 e
	T4	303.20±17.86 b	20.87±0.81 a	11.90±0.56 b	5.61±0.18 a	2.30±0.02 a	2.09±0.05 b	2.78 d
	T5	301.57±20.16 c	17.87±4.87 e	9.83±1.01 f	5.09±0.28 d	2.13±0.03 c	2.05±0.05 e	2.23 g
	T6	367.30±38.50 a	19.87±3.63 b	10.33±0.85 e	4.42±0.20 f	2.07±0.01 d	1.97±0.04 f	2.80 c
终花期处理	T0	266.10±29.68 g	18.70±0.88 e	10.73±1.21 e	3.81±0.12 g	2.17±0.01 d	1.85±0.02 e	3.11 b
	T1	296.50±61.89 e	19.70±4.80 c	11.73±4.01 d	4.82±0.23 f	2.14±0.02 e	2.03±0.03 d	2.66 g
	T2	293.07±44.93 f	19.40±0.98 d	10.13±0.68 g	6.13±0.30 a	2.26±0.10 b	2.06±0.09 b	2.84 c
	T3	327.17±54.58 c	20.67±3.84 a	10.67±2.27 f	5.74±0.11 b	2.32±0.04 a	2.15±0.04 a	2.76 e
	T4	309.53±70.79 d	18.33±5.11 f	12.07±1.68 b	5.18±0.06 c	2.22±0.07 c	2.06±0.02 b	2.69 f
	T5	507.75±98.55 a	19.75±1.91 b	13.05±3.18 a	4.84±0.19 e	2.12±0.02 f	2.04±0.01 c	2.80 d
	T6	389.70±72.63 b	17.70±0.69 g	11.85±0.52 c	4.91±0.24 d	2.11±0.04 f	2.04±0.01 c	3.40 a

处理		角质层厚度/ mm	表皮厚度/ mm	亚表皮厚度/ mm	果肉细胞数量	果肉细胞平均面积/ mm²	表皮细胞数量	表皮细胞总面积/ mm²	表皮细胞平均面积/ mm²	亚表皮细胞数量	亚表皮细胞总面积/mm²	亚表皮细胞平均面积/mm²
盛花期处理	T0	0.008 80	0.009 90	0.702 62	31.00	0.016 38	44.00	0.010 07	0.000 23	161.67	0.414 74	0.002 64
	T1	0.009 91	0.011 50	0.812 59	47.67	0.010 30	46.33	0.012 31	0.000 27	167.00	0.377 86	0.002 27
	T2	0.009 71	0.012 93	0.788 82	26.67	0.020 29	63.67	0.012 12	0.000 19	232.00	0.416 02	0.001 83
	T3	0.010 11	0.011 61	0.765 46	40.67	0.012 02	47.67	0.012 09	0.000 25	176.67	0.409 43	0.002 36
	T4	0.010 31	0.011 80	0.755 03	37.67	0.013 06	47.00	0.010 76	0.000 23	156.33	0.417 31	0.002 69
	T5	0.010 25	0.013 61	0.850 98	31.33	0.016 55	45.33	0.013 27	0.000 29	174.33	0.420 29	0.002 43
	T6	0.012 22	0.012 31	0.944 17	39.00	0.012 80	47.00	0.012 57	0.000 27	195.67	0.421 33	0.002 25
终花期处理	T0	0.007 41	0.010 81	0.715 17	34.33	0.016 14	47.67	0.010 30	0.000 21	170.67	0.425 15	0.002 53
	T1	0.008 33	0.013 31	0.866 12	53.00	0.009 59	52.00	0.013 15	0.000 26	237.67	0.411 30	0.001 80
	T2	0.009 30	0.012 10	0.841 27	49.67	0.009 90	50.00	0.011 87	0.000 24	153.67	0.416 09	0.002 73
	T3	0.007 82	0.011 11	0.775 37	38.67	0.012 65	47.33	0.011 87	0.000 25	169.33	0.421 78	0.002 49
	T4	0.010 71	0.011 84	0.711 60	42.00	0.011 65	48.33	0.012 39	0.000 26	236.33	0.418 75	0.001 85
	T5	0.010 00	0.012 02	1.034 33	30.00	0.016 31	41.67	0.011 83	0.000 29	191.00	0.428 13	0.002 31
	T6	0.009 63	0.013 61	0.989 83	34.00	0.014 83	44.33	0.011 51	0.000 26	213.67	0.414 99	0.002 01

处理		角质层厚度/ mm	表皮厚度/ mm	亚表皮厚度/ mm	果肉细胞数量	果肉细胞平均面积/ mm²	表皮细胞数量	表皮细胞总面积/ mm²	表皮细胞平均面积/ mm²	亚表皮细胞数量	亚表皮细胞总面积/mm²	亚表皮细胞平均面积/mm²
盛花期处理	T0	0.008 80	0.009 90	0.702 62	31.00	0.016 38	44.00	0.010 07	0.000 23	161.67	0.414 74	0.002 64
	T1	0.009 91	0.011 50	0.812 59	47.67	0.010 30	46.33	0.012 31	0.000 27	167.00	0.377 86	0.002 27
	T2	0.009 71	0.012 93	0.788 82	26.67	0.020 29	63.67	0.012 12	0.000 19	232.00	0.416 02	0.001 83
	T3	0.010 11	0.011 61	0.765 46	40.67	0.012 02	47.67	0.012 09	0.000 25	176.67	0.409 43	0.002 36
	T4	0.010 31	0.011 80	0.755 03	37.67	0.013 06	47.00	0.010 76	0.000 23	156.33	0.417 31	0.002 69
	T5	0.010 25	0.013 61	0.850 98	31.33	0.016 55	45.33	0.013 27	0.000 29	174.33	0.420 29	0.002 43
	T6	0.012 22	0.012 31	0.944 17	39.00	0.012 80	47.00	0.012 57	0.000 27	195.67	0.421 33	0.002 25
终花期处理	T0	0.007 41	0.010 81	0.715 17	34.33	0.016 14	47.67	0.010 30	0.000 21	170.67	0.425 15	0.002 53
	T1	0.008 33	0.013 31	0.866 12	53.00	0.009 59	52.00	0.013 15	0.000 26	237.67	0.411 30	0.001 80
	T2	0.009 30	0.012 10	0.841 27	49.67	0.009 90	50.00	0.011 87	0.000 24	153.67	0.416 09	0.002 73
	T3	0.007 82	0.011 11	0.775 37	38.67	0.012 65	47.33	0.011 87	0.000 25	169.33	0.421 78	0.002 49
	T4	0.010 71	0.011 84	0.711 60	42.00	0.011 65	48.33	0.012 39	0.000 26	236.33	0.418 75	0.001 85
	T5	0.010 00	0.012 02	1.034 33	30.00	0.016 31	41.67	0.011 83	0.000 29	191.00	0.428 13	0.002 31
	T6	0.009 63	0.013 61	0.989 83	34.00	0.014 83	44.33	0.011 51	0.000 26	213.67	0.414 99	0.002 01

处理		TSS含量/ (°Bx)	白藜芦醇含量/ (mg·g^-1)	单宁含量/ (mg·g^-1)	总酚含量/ (μg·g^-1)	总黄酮含量/ (mg·g^-1)	花色苷含量/ (mg·kg^-1)
盛花期处理	T0	14.52±0.32 a	0.18±0.01 a	1.10±0.12 b	0.15±0.01 b	3.17±0.02 b	2.49±0.30 a
	T1	12.93±0.57 d	0.10±0.01 e	0.35±0.05 e	0.10±0.02 d	2.77±0.06 f	1.52±0.24 d
	T2	12.72±0.50 f	0.10±0.01 e	0.30±0.04 f	0.16±0.02 a	3.09±0.06 c	0.85±0.04 f
	T3	13.22±0.61 b	0.11±0.01 d	0.25±0.03 g	0.10±0.01 d	3.25±0.08 a	1.58±0.09 c
	T4	12.86±0.31 e	0.09±0.01 f	1.21±0.20 a	0.10±0.01 d	3.00±0.87 d	1.60±0.08 b
	T5	12.07±0.53 g	0.14±0.01 b	0.58±0.03 c	0.11±0.02 c	2.98±0.06 e	1.23±0.32 e
	T6	13.03±0.90 c	0.13±0.01 c	0.48±0.08 d	0.06±0.01 e	2.74±0.08 g	0.63±0.21 g
终花期处理	T0	13.77±0.27 a	0.18±0.01 a	0.67±0.13 a	0.13±0.01 b	3.01±0.01 d	1.94±0.43 b
	T1	12.46±0.50 d	0.13±0.01 c	0.38±0.10 f	0.11±0.01 c	2.80±0.06 e	1.21±0.05 d
	T2	12.78±0.28 b	0.14±0.01 b	0.43±0.10 d	0.13±0.01 b	2.73±0.01 f	0.51±0.06 e
	T3	12.67±0.35 c	0.12±0.01 d	0.42±0.06 e	0.03±0.02 e	3.28±0.12 a	1.80±0.31 c
	T4	12.46±0.32 d	0.12±0.01 d	0.47±0.12 c	0.13±0.01 b	3.17±0.06 b	1.98±0.17 b
	T5	11.98±0.36 e	0.12±0.01 d	0.59±0.04 b	0.15±0.02 a	3.11±0.04 c	2.04±0.68 a
	T6	12.80±0.58 b	0.12±0.01 d	0.30±0.04 g	0.04±0.02 d	3.02±0.04 d	2.02±0.18 a