杨梅果实品质指标与土壤肥力因子的相关性分析

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230697

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以浙江省杨梅主产区5个代表性果园土壤和东魁、荸荠种、丁岙杨梅3个主要品种的果实为材料,通过相关性分析筛选出影响杨梅果实品质的关键土壤肥力因子,为杨梅果实品质形成研究与管理技术提高提供理论依据。测定土壤肥力因子13个,果实品质指标18个,进行了相关性分析,土壤有机碳(SOC)、有机质(OM)分别与葡萄糖(Glu)、草酸(OA)、维生素C(V_C)呈显著性正相关;土壤碱解氮含量(AN)与硬度(HN)、总酸(TA)、Glu、OA呈显著性正相关,与糖酸比(AS)呈显著性负相关;全磷(TP)与HN、TA、Glu、OA、总黄酮(TFC)呈显著性正相关;全钾(TK)与纵径(LD)、横径(BD)、单果重(FW)、HN、可溶性固形物(TSS)、Glu、V_C、TFC呈显著性正相关。TK与8个果实品质指标均存在显著性正相关,为影响果实品质形成的主要土壤因子,建议在杨梅栽培管理过程中可适当减氮、减磷、增钾,提高果实品质。

关键词: 杨梅, 果实品质, 土壤指标, 相关性分析

Abstract:

Using soil from five representative orchards in the main production areas of Chinese bayberry in Zhejiang Province and the fruits of three main varieties, Dongkui, Biqi and Dingao. The key soil fertility factors affecting the quality of Chinese bayberry fruits were screened through correlation analysis, providing theoretical basis for research on the formation of fruit quality and the improvement of management techniques. Totally 13 soil fertility factors and 18 fruit quality indicators were measured, and correlation analysis was conducted. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and organic matter (OM) were significantly positively correlated with glucose (Glu), oxalic acid (OA), and vitamin C (V_C), respectively. The alkaline nitrogen (AN) of soil was significantly positively correlated with hardness (HN), total acid (TA), Glu, and OA, while the sugar acid ratio (AS) was significantly negatively correlated. Total phosphorus (TP) was significantly positively correlated with HN, TA, Glu, OA, and total flavonoids (TFC). Total potassium (TK) was significantly positively correlated with longitudinal diameter (LD), transverse diameter (BD), single fruit weight (FW), HN, soluble solids (TSS), Glu, V_C, and TFC. TK had the significant positive correlation with 8 fruit quality indicators, as the main soil factor affecting fruit quality formation. It was recommended that appropriately reduced nitrogen and phosphorus, while increased potassium in the cultivation and management process was beneficial to improve fruit quality of Chinese bayberry.

Key words: Chinese bayberry, fruit quality, soil indicators, correlation analysis

中图分类号:

S667.6

郑锡良, 孙鹂, 戚行江, 梁森苗, 俞浙萍, 张启, 张淑文. 杨梅果实品质指标与土壤肥力因子的相关性分析[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(9): 2112-2118.

ZHENG Xiliang, SUN Li, QI Xingjiang, LIANG Senmiao, YU Zheping, ZHANG Qi, ZHANG Shuwen. Correlation analysis between fruit quality indicators and soil fertility factors in Chinese bayberry[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(9): 2112-2118.

图/表 5

参考文献 22

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位置	经度	纬度	pH值	SOC/(g·kg^-1)	OM/(g·kg^-1)
黄岩东魁园	120°95'	28°68'	4.19±0.22	14.65±1.18	25.25±3.31
余姚荸荠种园	121°00'	30°06'	6.77±0.31	30.06±2.11	51.83±3.62
仙居东魁园	120°41'	28°47'	6.55±0.24	46.28±3.78	79.79±5.34
兰溪荸荠种、东魁园	119°59'	29°29'	5.70±0.38	19.64±1.61	33.85±2.55
瓯海丁岙杨梅园	120°72'	27°93'	4.91±0.12	15.79±1.14	27.22±1.96
位置	AP/(mg·kg^-1)	AN/(mg·kg^-1)	AK/(mg·kg^-1)	TN/(g·kg^-1)	TP/(g·kg^-1)
黄岩东魁园	589.91±55.21	178.55±20.13	534.69±20.35	1.22±0.11	0.94±0.14
余姚荸荠种园	343.01±14.82	263.06±17.88	2 127.01±23.49	2.63±0.15	1.45±0.28
仙居东魁园	167.42±6.32	496.51±10.14	2 190.47±20.24	3.81±0.71	5.11±0.41
兰溪荸荠种、东魁园	41.92±3.25	331.91±14.66	1 201.64±23.51	1.92±0.77	1.13±0.21
瓯海丁岙杨梅园	51.81±3.17	157.85±6.39	255.99±4.73	1.47±0.57	0.72±0.14
位置	TK/(g·kg^-1)	CAT/(U·g^-1)	ACP/(U·g^-1)	UER/(U·g^-1)	SUC/(U·g^-1)
黄岩东魁园	40.42±1.16	276.75±23.56	2.16±0.51	546.33±29.89	3.51±0.84
余姚荸荠种园	20.89±2.54	1 997.1±32.58	5.81±0.85	1 770.17±63.11	27.28±3.06
仙居东魁园	32.13±3.56	2 133.86±77.98	3.40±0.25	2 652.72±45.19	54.57±1.49
兰溪荸荠种、东魁园	22.03±1.58	1 394.58±34.39	5.07±0.25	2 690.82±160.98	21.36±1.13
瓯海丁岙杨梅园	18.29±1.56	654.49±58.96	4.22±0.17	2 107.68±138.71	6.61±0.59

位置	经度	纬度	pH值	SOC/(g·kg^-1)	OM/(g·kg^-1)
黄岩东魁园	120°95'	28°68'	4.19±0.22	14.65±1.18	25.25±3.31
余姚荸荠种园	121°00'	30°06'	6.77±0.31	30.06±2.11	51.83±3.62
仙居东魁园	120°41'	28°47'	6.55±0.24	46.28±3.78	79.79±5.34
兰溪荸荠种、东魁园	119°59'	29°29'	5.70±0.38	19.64±1.61	33.85±2.55
瓯海丁岙杨梅园	120°72'	27°93'	4.91±0.12	15.79±1.14	27.22±1.96
位置	AP/(mg·kg^-1)	AN/(mg·kg^-1)	AK/(mg·kg^-1)	TN/(g·kg^-1)	TP/(g·kg^-1)
黄岩东魁园	589.91±55.21	178.55±20.13	534.69±20.35	1.22±0.11	0.94±0.14
余姚荸荠种园	343.01±14.82	263.06±17.88	2 127.01±23.49	2.63±0.15	1.45±0.28
仙居东魁园	167.42±6.32	496.51±10.14	2 190.47±20.24	3.81±0.71	5.11±0.41
兰溪荸荠种、东魁园	41.92±3.25	331.91±14.66	1 201.64±23.51	1.92±0.77	1.13±0.21
瓯海丁岙杨梅园	51.81±3.17	157.85±6.39	255.99±4.73	1.47±0.57	0.72±0.14
位置	TK/(g·kg^-1)	CAT/(U·g^-1)	ACP/(U·g^-1)	UER/(U·g^-1)	SUC/(U·g^-1)
黄岩东魁园	40.42±1.16	276.75±23.56	2.16±0.51	546.33±29.89	3.51±0.84
余姚荸荠种园	20.89±2.54	1 997.1±32.58	5.81±0.85	1 770.17±63.11	27.28±3.06
仙居东魁园	32.13±3.56	2 133.86±77.98	3.40±0.25	2 652.72±45.19	54.57±1.49
兰溪荸荠种、东魁园	22.03±1.58	1 394.58±34.39	5.07±0.25	2 690.82±160.98	21.36±1.13
瓯海丁岙杨梅园	18.29±1.56	654.49±58.96	4.22±0.17	2 107.68±138.71	6.61±0.59

品种	BD/mm	LD/mm	FW/g	HN/(N·cm^-2)	TSS/%	TS/(mg·g^-1)
黄岩东魁	38.02±1.38	37.67±2.13	30.47±2.01	2.35±0.12	12.72±0.81	88.25±3.38
余姚荸荠种	23.87±0.97	24.48±0.75	8.16±0.64	2.87±0.60	10.86±0.71	72.79±1.35
仙居东魁	33.40±2.18	34.48±1.49	21.78±2.87	3.27±0.53	10.99±1.00	67.34±0.72
兰溪东魁	33.83±2.18	34.87±1.80	23.49±2.23	2.73±0.29	13.12±0.51	83.51±0.43
兰溪荸荠种	28.82±0.78	29.9±10.91	14.52±0.99	2.38±0.47	9.78±0.47	82.06±0.59
瓯海丁岙杨梅	25.07±0.84	26.50±0.64	11.44±1.00	2.11±0.26	9.92±0.43	77.81±0.45
品种	TA/(g·kg^-1)	AS	Glu/(mg·g^-1)	Fru/(mg·g^-1)	Suc/(mg·g^-1)	MA/(μg·g^-1)
黄岩东魁	6.22±0.77	14.18±1.67	5.78±0.30	55.45±1.44	48.42±2.16	21.64±0.16
余姚荸荠种	11.80±0.49	6.17±0.84	12.58±0.18	60.40±2.10	29.61±1.11	39.62±1.40
仙居东魁	15.37±0.50	7.38±0.50	17.66±0.21	60.13±1.33	30.09±0.29	35.42±1.44
兰溪东魁	8.11±0.74	10.29±1.53	5.61±0.20	68.36±1.44	49.57±0.81	59.05±0.95
兰溪荸荠种	7.22±0.74	11.36±1.86	4.29±0.12	73.59±1.05	15.47±1.18	63.00±0.59
瓯海丁岙杨梅	8.77±0.77	9.87±1.14	6.47±0.49	64.85±1.31	27.82±1.51	28.39±0.87
品种	CA/(mg·g^-1)	OA/(μg·g^-1)	V_C/(μg·g^-1)	TFC/(mg·g^-1)	TPC/(mg·g^-1)	AA/(mg·g^-1)
黄岩东魁	22.95±0.54	1.59±0.54	1 984.46±85.26	0.84±0.03	2.19±0.22	10.89±1.40
余姚荸荠种	15.42±0.34	15.35±0.76	2 611.21±19.17	1.50±0.16	1.72±0.29	18.52±1.14
仙居东魁	12.03±0.56	16.45±0.76	2 488.38±79.55	2.71±0.43	2.59±0.16	18.94±0.33
兰溪东魁	24.58±0.87	2.59±0.13	1 250.58±59.13	0.78±0.11	1.32±0.26	12.95±0.37
兰溪荸荠种	13.55±0.40	2.75±0.25	1 087.00±87.68	0.63±0.10	1.47±0.31	15.02±0.43
瓯海丁岙杨梅	17.31±0.68	2.31±0.49	1 685.12±122.38	1.17±0.29	2.92±0.33	13.01±0.35

品种	BD/mm	LD/mm	FW/g	HN/(N·cm^-2)	TSS/%	TS/(mg·g^-1)
黄岩东魁	38.02±1.38	37.67±2.13	30.47±2.01	2.35±0.12	12.72±0.81	88.25±3.38
余姚荸荠种	23.87±0.97	24.48±0.75	8.16±0.64	2.87±0.60	10.86±0.71	72.79±1.35
仙居东魁	33.40±2.18	34.48±1.49	21.78±2.87	3.27±0.53	10.99±1.00	67.34±0.72
兰溪东魁	33.83±2.18	34.87±1.80	23.49±2.23	2.73±0.29	13.12±0.51	83.51±0.43
兰溪荸荠种	28.82±0.78	29.9±10.91	14.52±0.99	2.38±0.47	9.78±0.47	82.06±0.59
瓯海丁岙杨梅	25.07±0.84	26.50±0.64	11.44±1.00	2.11±0.26	9.92±0.43	77.81±0.45
品种	TA/(g·kg^-1)	AS	Glu/(mg·g^-1)	Fru/(mg·g^-1)	Suc/(mg·g^-1)	MA/(μg·g^-1)
黄岩东魁	6.22±0.77	14.18±1.67	5.78±0.30	55.45±1.44	48.42±2.16	21.64±0.16
余姚荸荠种	11.80±0.49	6.17±0.84	12.58±0.18	60.40±2.10	29.61±1.11	39.62±1.40
仙居东魁	15.37±0.50	7.38±0.50	17.66±0.21	60.13±1.33	30.09±0.29	35.42±1.44
兰溪东魁	8.11±0.74	10.29±1.53	5.61±0.20	68.36±1.44	49.57±0.81	59.05±0.95
兰溪荸荠种	7.22±0.74	11.36±1.86	4.29±0.12	73.59±1.05	15.47±1.18	63.00±0.59
瓯海丁岙杨梅	8.77±0.77	9.87±1.14	6.47±0.49	64.85±1.31	27.82±1.51	28.39±0.87
品种	CA/(mg·g^-1)	OA/(μg·g^-1)	V_C/(μg·g^-1)	TFC/(mg·g^-1)	TPC/(mg·g^-1)	AA/(mg·g^-1)
黄岩东魁	22.95±0.54	1.59±0.54	1 984.46±85.26	0.84±0.03	2.19±0.22	10.89±1.40
余姚荸荠种	15.42±0.34	15.35±0.76	2 611.21±19.17	1.50±0.16	1.72±0.29	18.52±1.14
仙居东魁	12.03±0.56	16.45±0.76	2 488.38±79.55	2.71±0.43	2.59±0.16	18.94±0.33
兰溪东魁	24.58±0.87	2.59±0.13	1 250.58±59.13	0.78±0.11	1.32±0.26	12.95±0.37
兰溪荸荠种	13.55±0.40	2.75±0.25	1 087.00±87.68	0.63±0.10	1.47±0.31	15.02±0.43
瓯海丁岙杨梅	17.31±0.68	2.31±0.49	1 685.12±122.38	1.17±0.29	2.92±0.33	13.01±0.35

指标	pH值	AP	SOC	OM	AN	AK	TN	TP	TK	CAT	ACP	UER
AP	-0.11
SOC	0.38^*	0.20
OM	0.38^*	0.21	1.00^**
AN	0.58^*	0.28	0.76^**	0.75^**
AK	0.61^**	-0.11	0.09	0.09	0.66^*
TN	0.26	0.24	0.93^**	0.92^**	0.74^**	0.04
TP	0.56^**	0.20	0.68^**	0.63^**	0.61^*	0.26	0.55^**
TK	-0.16	0.42^*	0.06	0.06	0.24	-0.13	0.06	0.07
CAT	0.85^**	-0.13	0.57^**	0.56^**	0.47	0.40^*	0.49^**	0.64^**	-0.17
ACP	0.23	0.02	0.51^**	0.50^**	0.25	-0.03	0.46^*	-0.03	-0.07	0.46^*
UER	0.73^**	-0.11	0.36	0.36	0.29	0.37^*	0.31	0.56^**	-0.27	0.71^**	0.25
SUC	0.42^*	-0.04	0.74^**	0.73^**	0.61^*	0.11	0.66^**	0.64^**	0.01	0.67^**	0.39^*	0.33