浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (12): 3013-3018.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240492

• 果树与蔬菜 • 上一篇    下一篇

太湖地区稻菌轮作模式下4种羊肚菌品种的适应性及其农艺性状

金梅娟(), 李冬梅, 董明辉, 宋英, 王海候, 顾俊荣   

  1. 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所 国家土壤质量相城观测实验站,江苏 苏州 215106
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-17 出版日期:2025-12-11 发布日期:2025-12-17
  • 作者简介:金梅娟(1989—),女,江苏常熟人,助理研究员,硕士,从事农业资源与环境研究,E-mail: jinmei1989@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2021315);苏州市农业科学院科研基金项目(22021);苏州市姑苏人才项目(24062)

Study on the adaptability and agronomic traits of four Morchella varieties under rice-mushroom rotation system in Taihu Lake region

JIN Meijuan(), LI Dongmei, DONG Minghui, SONG Ying, WANG Haihou, GU Junrong   

  1. National Soil Quality Observation and Experimental Station in Xiangcheng, Jiangsu Taihu Lake Region Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215106, Jiangsu
  • Received:2024-06-17 Online:2025-12-11 Published:2025-12-17

摘要:

为筛选适宜于太湖地区稻菌轮作模式的羊肚菌主栽品种,本试验以4种国内可人工栽培的羊肚菌品种——尖顶羊肚菌(MT30)、梯棱羊肚菌(M20-1)、六妹羊肚菌(MH6)及七妹羊肚菌(Mel-7)为供试材料,系统比较了不同品种羊肚菌的农艺性状、产量、生长状态、生育进程与外观等指标。结果表明:MH6、MT30和M20-1的外观均符合级内菇标准,而Mel-7为级外菇;在产量方面,MH6表现最优,累计产量达3 385.0 kg·hm-2,这主要得益于其显著(p<0.05)更高的出菇数。此外,MH6的首次采收时间较其他品种提早11.5~17.5 d,采收周期延长8.5~14.8 d。综合外观等级、产量及采收期表现,六妹羊肚菌(MH6)为太湖地区稻菌轮作模式下的最适宜推广品种。

关键词: 太湖地区, 稻菌轮作, 羊肚菌, 品种适应性, 农艺性状

Abstract:

In order to identify suitable primary varieties of Morchella for the rice-mushroom rotation system in the Taihu Lake region, this experiment utilized domestically cultivated varieties: Morchella conica (MT30), Morchella importuna (M20-1), Morchella sextelata (MH6), and Morchella septimelata (Mel-7). A systematic comparison was conducted on agronomic traits, yield, growth status, developmental stages, and appearance. The results showed that the appearance of MH6, MT30, and M20-1 met the standard for premium-grade mushrooms, while Mel-7 was classified as off-grade. In terms of yield, MH6 performed the best, achieving a cumulative yield of 3 385.0 kg·hm-2, which was primarily attributed to its significantly (p<0.05) higher fruiting body number. Furthermore, MH6 exhibited an earlier first harvest time, being 11.5-17.5 d ahead of the other varieties, and its harvesting period was extended by 8.5-14.8 d. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of appearance grade, yield and harvesting performance, Morchella sextelata (MH6) is the most suitable variety for promotion within the rice-mushroom rotation system in the Taihu Lake region.

Key words: Taihu Lake region, rice-mushroom rotation, Morchella, variety adaptability, agronomic trait

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