潍坊烟区不同品种烤烟化学成分差异及评价

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230787

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用近红外光谱法检测潍坊烟区不同品种烤烟的化学成分含量,分析化学成分差异,并利用主成分分析和聚类分析法进行评价。结果表明:除中川208外,其他品种总糖、还原糖含量及钾氯比均处于适宜范围。云烟301烟碱含量适宜,其他品种烟碱含量均不在适宜范围。各品种的总氮、钾、氯、蛋白质含量均适宜,糖碱比均高于15.00,中烟101和NC55的淀粉含量适宜。主成分综合得分由高到低依次为中川208、中烟100、NC55、中烟特香301、中烟101、云烟301。聚类后可以分为3类,第一类为中川208、NC55、中烟100,有高糖、高氯、低碱、高糖碱比、低钾氯比的特点,第二类为中烟特香301和中烟101,第三类为云烟301,有低糖、低氯、高碱、低糖碱比、高钾氯比的特点。

关键词: 潍坊烟区, 品种, 化学成分, 评价, 烤烟

Abstract:

The chemical constituents of different varieties of flue-cured tobacco in Weifang were detected by near infrared spectroscopy, the differences of chemical constituents were analyzed, and evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that except for Zhongchuan 208, the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium-chloride ratio of other varieties were in the appropriate range. The nicotine content of Yunyan 301 was suitable, and the nicotine content of other varieties was not in the suitable range. The contents of total nitrogen, potassium, chlorine and protein of all varieties were suitable, the sugar-nicotine ratio were higher than 15.00, and the starch content of Zhongyan 101 and NC55 was suitable. The comprehensive scores of the principal components from high to low were Zhongchuan 208, Zhongyan 100, NC55, Zhongyan Texiang 301, Zhongyan 101 and Yunyan 301. After clustering, varieties were divided into three categories, the first category was Zhongchuan 208, NC55 and Zhongyan 100, which had the characteristics of high sugar, high chlorine, low nicotine, high sugar-nicotine ratio and low potassium-chlorine ratio, the second category was Zhongyan Texiang 301 and Zhongyan 101, and the third category was Yunyan 301, which had the characteristics of low sugar, low chlorine, high nicotine, low sugar-nicotine ratio and high potassium-chlorine ratio.

Key words: Weifang tobacco area, varieties, chemical composition, evaluation, flue-cured tobacco

中图分类号:

S572

席元肖, 刘中庆, 李森, 高政绪, 王德权, 王玉华, 方敏. 潍坊烟区不同品种烤烟化学成分差异及评价[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(12): 3005-3009.

XI Yuanxiao, LIU Zhongqing, LI Sen, GAO Zhengxu, WANG Dequan, WANG Yuhua, FANG Min. Chemical composition difference and evaluation of different varieties of flue-cured tobacco in Weifang tobacco area[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(12): 3005-3009.

图/表 11

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指标	初始特征值
指标	总计	方差百分比/%	累积/ %	总计	方差百分比/%	累积/ %
总糖	5.799	44.607	44.607	5.799	44.607	44.607
还原糖	2.593	19.949	64.556	2.593	19.949	64.556
烟碱	1.872	14.400	78.956	1.872	14.400	78.956
总氮	1.120	8.616	87.572	1.120	8.616	87.572
钾	0.503	3.871	91.443
氯	0.480	3.690	95.133
淀粉	0.320	2.460	97.593
蛋白质	0.164	1.263	98.856
钾氯比	0.121	0.929	99.785
糖碱比	0.019	0.145	99.930
施木克值	0.009	0.067	99.996
两糖差	0.000	0.003	99.999
氮碱比	8.60×10^-5	0.001	100.000

指标	初始特征值
指标	总计	方差百分比/%	累积/ %	总计	方差百分比/%	累积/ %
总糖	5.799	44.607	44.607	5.799	44.607	44.607
还原糖	2.593	19.949	64.556	2.593	19.949	64.556
烟碱	1.872	14.400	78.956	1.872	14.400	78.956
总氮	1.120	8.616	87.572	1.120	8.616	87.572
钾	0.503	3.871	91.443
氯	0.480	3.690	95.133
淀粉	0.320	2.460	97.593
蛋白质	0.164	1.263	98.856
钾氯比	0.121	0.929	99.785
糖碱比	0.019	0.145	99.930
施木克值	0.009	0.067	99.996
两糖差	0.000	0.003	99.999
氮碱比	8.60×10^-5	0.001	100.000

指标	主成分1	主成分2	主成分3	主成分4
总糖	0.862	0.316	-0.182	0.219
还原糖	0.679	0.526	0.141	0.393
烟碱	-0.806	0.340	-0.392	0.025
总氮	-0.852	0.395	0.085	0.240
钾	-0.186	-0.683	0.368	0.018
氯	0.211	0.547	0.421	-0.628
淀粉	0.566	0.460	-0.357	0.306
蛋白质	-0.767	0.371	0.297	0.310
钾氯比	-0.238	-0.791	-0.251	0.386
糖碱比	0.870	-0.162	0.352	0.134
施木克值	0.947	0.014	-0.267	-0.024
两糖差	0.457	-0.331	-0.614	-0.280
氮碱比	0.561	-0.260	0.703	0.171

指标	主成分1	主成分2	主成分3	主成分4
总糖	0.862	0.316	-0.182	0.219
还原糖	0.679	0.526	0.141	0.393
烟碱	-0.806	0.340	-0.392	0.025
总氮	-0.852	0.395	0.085	0.240
钾	-0.186	-0.683	0.368	0.018
氯	0.211	0.547	0.421	-0.628
淀粉	0.566	0.460	-0.357	0.306
蛋白质	-0.767	0.371	0.297	0.310
钾氯比	-0.238	-0.791	-0.251	0.386
糖碱比	0.870	-0.162	0.352	0.134
施木克值	0.947	0.014	-0.267	-0.024
两糖差	0.457	-0.331	-0.614	-0.280
氮碱比	0.561	-0.260	0.703	0.171

品种	fac1	fac2	fac3	fac4	得分
云烟301	-0.43	-0.36	-0.66	0.43	-0.32
中川208	0.14	0.39	0.31	-0.02	0.18
中烟100	0.23	0.00	0.07	-0.23	0.09
中烟101	-0.17	-0.14	-0.03	0.00	-0.11
中烟特香301	0.00	-0.39	-0.17	0.03	-0.10
NC55	-0.04	0.09	0.43	0.01	0.06