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    11 May 2024, Volume 65 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    Study on the problems and countermeasures of seed industry revitalization in Zhejiang Province
    YU Xiaolin
    2024, 65 (5):  985-990.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240190
    Abstract ( 205 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1099KB) ( 561 )  

    Seed, “chip” of agriculture, is the core foundation of national food security. Promoting the seed industry rejuvenation action has become a key role to ensure the food security in China currently. This paper summarized the development status of seed industry in Zhejiang Province, and the main problems faced by the seed industry in Zhejiang Province as well. Subsequently, we proposed five suggestions to deal with these problems: strengthening the classification and management of seeds enterprises, form 1 to 2 internationally competitive seed industry enterprises; increasing support for the joint breeding research, promote the orderly flow of innovation elements to enterprises; integrating the innovation chain and industrial chain, build a whole chain of collaborative innovation system of seed industry; accelerating the construction of modern seed production base, build a strong province of crop seed production; deepening the opening up and exchange cooperation, construct a double cycle development pattern for seed industry.

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    Experience, effectiveness, and enlightenment of Zhejiang Seed Industry Expo in 15 years
    GE Yongjin, LI Yongping, FU Li, SHEN Weijun
    2024, 65 (5):  991-997.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240065
    Abstract ( 157 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1934KB) ( 391 )  

    Zhejiang Seed Industry Expo (hereinafter referred to as Zhejiang Seed Expo) has been held for 15 sessions since its first session in 2009. In the past 15 years, Zhejiang Seed Expo has continuously expanded in scale and enriched its content, allowing more and more new varieties such as broccoli, watermelon and melon independently cultivated in Zhejiang to go out of Zhejiang and spread to the whole country. It has also allowed Zhejiang farmers to “encounter” more new varieties from both domestic and international sources, accelerating income growth and prosperity. According to statistics, 80% of the new varieties of melons and vegetables promoted and planted in Zhejiang are introduced from the “big stage” of Zhejiang Seed Expo, injecting vitality into the high-quality development of Zhejiang seed industry. At present, Zhejiang Seed Expo has become a national event for the melon and vegetable seed industry, and is also known as the “first expo of the melon and vegetable seed industry in the Yangtze River Delta” and the “national characteristic exhibition of the melon and vegetable seed industry”. The article reviewed the historical evolution of Zhejiang Seed Expo, analyzed its effectiveness and experience, and explored how to further enhance the brand influence of Zhejiang Seed Expo.

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    Evaluation of bitter taste of local mustard germplasm resources and screening of superior germplasm in Zhejiang Province
    LIU Wenqi, ZHAO Yanting, ZHU Wei, CHEN Xiaoyang, LI Yan, YUE Zhichen, TAO Peng, LEI Juanli, WANG Huasen, LI Biyuan, HU Qizan
    2024, 65 (5):  998-1004.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240191
    Abstract ( 144 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (7113KB) ( 326 )  

    Zhejiang Province is rich in mustard germplasm resources and has a developed mustard industry, in which the processed products of squash and snow mustard are famous, compared with the fresh mustard industry in Zhejiang Province, which still needs to be developed. In contrast, the fresh mustard industry in Zhejiang Province has yet to be developed. Improper cultivation and management of fresh mustard is prone to increased bitterness, which greatly restricts the development of the fresh mustard industry in Zhejiang Province. In this study, mustard germplasm resources in Zhejiang Province were used as materials to evaluate the bitterness of different parts of mustard (leaf blade, petiole, young leaf, old leaf) and mustard in different seasons (winter and summer), and it was found that the soft leaf was more bitter than the petiole, the young leaf was more bitter than the old leaf, and the summer mustard was more bitter than the winter mustard. Analysing the data of erucicosides, it was found that the total erucicoside content in soft leaves was higher than petiole, total erucicoside content in young leaf was higher than old leaf, and total erucicoside content in summer mustard was higher than winter mustard, i.e., the total erucicoside content was in agreement with the trend of bitterness. Through the above research, five mustard germplasm with moderate bitterness were finally screened out to lay the foundation for the development of fresh mustard industry in Zhejiang Province.

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    Research progress in breeding broccoli for resistance to black rot
    ZHU Chuanshuai, MA Cunfa, WU Ting, ZHAO Hui
    2024, 65 (5):  1005-1011.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230981
    Abstract ( 132 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1184KB) ( 263 )  

    This article summarizes the identification and classification of black rot pathogen, the invasion pathways and symptoms of broccoli black rot pathogens, identification of resistant germplasm resources and advances in biotechnology research, and discusses current problems and future areas requiring research enhancement in order to provide a reference for black rot resistance breeding in broccoli.

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    Research progress on the characteristics of bolting and flowering in cruciferous vegetables
    YUAN Xiaowei, LIANG Yue, GUO Yangdong, LI Xingsheng
    2024, 65 (5):  1012-1018.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231020
    Abstract ( 170 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (2060KB) ( 180 )  

    The cruciferous vegetables have a wide variety and distribution, and occupy an important position in the global vegetable industry. The bolting period is a crucial stage in the growth cycle of cruciferous plants, which directly affects the yield and quality of vegetable crops. This article summarizes the research progress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics, molecular genetic mechanisms, and molecular markers of the flowering and bolting traits in cruciferous vegetables, in order to provide new ideas for revealing the regulatory mechanisms of flowering and bolting in cruciferous vegetables, and to provide reference for the breeding of new varieties of cruciferous vegetables that are resistant to bolting.

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    Identification, evaluation and screening for low temperature and low light tolerance in germplasm resources of sponge gourd
    CHEN Xiaoyang, CHAI Yaqian, DONG Wenqi, XU Yunfei, QIU Wenjing, SUN Yuyan
    2024, 65 (5):  1019-1024.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230705
    Abstract ( 135 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (2895KB) ( 402 )  

    With the continuous development of facility agriculture, there is an urgent need to select and breed new sponge gourd varieties with low temperature and low light tolerance. Identification and evaluation of low temperature and low light tolerance of germplasm resources can lay an important material foundation for new variety selection and breeding. In this study, 192 sponge gourd germplasm resources were evaluated for low temperature and low light tolerance in an intelligent artificial climate chamber with simulating low temperature and low light environment. The cold damage classification, cold injury index and relative conductivity for each germplasm resource were identified and evaluated. The results showed that the cold injury index of 192 sponge gourd germplasm resources ranged from 35.00% to 92.86%, with an average of 61.98% and a coefficient of variation of 19.50%; the relative conductivity ranged from 10.39% to 82.00%, with an average of 49.18% and a coefficient of variation of 24.80%. Combining with the cold injury index (≤45%) and relative conductivity (≤30%), 11 sponge gourd germplasm resources with low temperature and low light tolerance were screened. Correlation analysis of cold injury index (y) and relative conductivity (x) of 192 sponge gourd germplasm resources were carried out, and the two parameters were highly significantly and positively correlated. Additionally, the linear equation y=0.892x+0.181 1 (R2=0.810 1) was obtained. The results of the study provided important theoretical guidance and material basis for low temperature and low light tolerance identification, evaluation, selection and new varieties breeding in sponge gourd.

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    Effects of different grafting combinations on growth and quality of fruit cucumber
    ZHU Yuqiang, DING Jinting, ZHANG Peng, WANG Xin, FANG Jieyun, ZHOU Shengjun
    2024, 65 (5):  1025-1030.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230954
    Abstract ( 122 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1187KB) ( 349 )  

    The grafting experiment was conducted on rootstocks of three different fruit cucumber varieties and three pumpkin varieties. The results showed that the growth of Zhexiu 3 and Zhexiu 6 was stronger than that of Bicui 18, and the total yield of Zhexiu 6 was the lowest. After grafting with three varieties, the overall growth potential of the plants was stronger than that of the self-rooted plants. Among them, grafting with the rootstock Zhenxingliang increased the early and total yield of the plants. All three varieties were resistant to powdery mildew, Zhexiu 3 and Bicui 18 were resistant to downy mildew, and Zhexiu 6 was susceptible to downy mildew. The grafting of Zhexiu 3 and Bicui 18 with Zhenxingliang and Sizhuang 18 improved their resistance to powdery mildew; Grafting with white seed pumpkin rootstock reduced their resistance to downy mildew. After grafting with three rootstock varieties, the amount of cucumber wax powder decreased. After grafting, the content of free amino acids, vitamin C, soluble total sugars, and soluble solids in cucumber decreased, while the content of soluble protein and carotenoids increased; Grafting also affected sensory quality indicators such as sweetness, brittleness, and taste, while its impact on cucumber quality indicators such as bitterness, astringency, toughness, aroma, and moisture was relatively small.

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    Effects of different plant growth regulators on tomato plug seedling in southern Zhejiang
    SU Shiwen, FU Cunnian, SHI Jianlei, WANG Kelei, CHEN Xianzhi, ZAI Wenshan
    2024, 65 (5):  1031-1036.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231118
    Abstract ( 311 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1134KB) ( 262 )  

    In order to screen the suitable plant growth regulators for the cultivation of strong tomato seedlings in southern Zhejiang, tomato rootstock variety Zhezhen 7 and scion variety Hongying 1 were treated with different concentrations of YELVSU P2-37, paclobutrazole, cycocel and Zhuangmiao 1 to study the effect of plant growth regulator on tomato plug seedlings. The results showed that different plant growth regulators had different effects on different tomato varieties, except for no significant effects on stem diameter, underground dry weight and leaf spread width of Hongying 1, different plant growth regulators had significant effects on other indexes of Hongying 1 and Zhezhen 7. All growth regulators had inhibitory effects on tomato plant height, but they had different effects on other indexes. For Hongying 1, the highest biomass indicators and the best seedling quality were observed in the 0.2 g·L-1 YELVSU P2-37 treatment, making it the best plant growth regulator for the cultivation of strong seedlings in this variety. For Zhezhen 7, 0.13 g·L-1 YELVSU P2-37 treatment showed the best plant morphology and seedling quality, making it a recommended plant growth regulator and suitable concentration for this variety.

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    Effects of drip irrigation with CO2 aqueous solution on agronomic traits and yield of processing tomato
    QIAN Xin, WANG Shengyi, WANG Xiaojuan, XUE Jinling, BAO Fangjun
    2024, 65 (5):  1037-1041.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231116
    Abstract ( 108 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1202KB) ( 352 )  

    The effect of drip irrigation under film on the growth and development of processing tomato was studied by drip irrigation with CO2 aqueous solution during the growth period of processing tomato. The experiment was compared with conventional irrigation by drip irrigation with CO2 aqueous solution. The results showed that the effect of drip irrigation with CO2 aqueous solution on the agronomic traits of processing tomato was greater than that of conventional irrigation during the growth period of processing tomato. The plant height, chlorophyll content, flower number, number of red fruits per plant, soil conductivity, theoretical and actual yield of processing tomato were significantly better than those of conventional irrigation, and the growth period was 2 days earlier than that of conventional irrigation. It can be seen that the application of CO2 aqueous solution with water droplets is beneficial to the growth and development of processing tomatoes and the increase of yield, with good market promotion prospects.

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    Adaptability evaluation of mountain eggplant varieties in Longquan City
    ZHANG Shifa, WANG Linlin, YUAN Shengfa, HE Huogen, WU Junshan, LIU Tingfu, ZHU Biao, ZHONG Yangmin
    2024, 65 (5):  1042-1045.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230973
    Abstract ( 676 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1089KB) ( 353 )  

    In order to expand the cultivation area of mountain eggplants in Longquan City, Lishui City, and screen out eggplant varieties suitable for cultivation in local low and medium altitude (200-400 m) areas, this experiment conducted a variety comparison experiment using 10 new and superior mountain eggplant varieties as test materials. The results showed that Zixiangyu 7 and Zilong 5 exhibited excellent characteristics such as high yield, good commercialization, strong disease resistance, and strong adaptability. They can be used as the main varieties for eggplant production in the mountainous areas of Lishui City (with an altitude of 200-400 m), and have great prospects for promotion.

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    Effect of different application methods of compound amino acid fertilizers on the growth and quality of Solanum melongena L.
    XU Guangfei, SHEN Yanhui, LI Zhenling, LI Ping, LI Xiqiang, WU Qiaoling
    2024, 65 (5):  1046-1050.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230404
    Abstract ( 125 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1124KB) ( 402 )  

    This article uses Solanum melongena L. as experimental materials to study the effects of spraying, flushing, and spraying+flushing compound amino acid fertilizers on their growth and quality. The results showed that the application of compound amino acid fertilizer significantly increased the aboveground fresh weight of Solanum melongena L. plants. Among different application methods, there was no significant difference in the agronomic traits, except for the net photosynthetic rate of spraying and flushing treatment of Solanum melongena L. plants was significantly higher than that of spraying treatment. There were differences in the effects of different application methods on the content and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur. The flushing treatment significantly increased the VC content and soluble sugar content of Solanum melongena L., while the spraying+flushing treatment significantly increased the VC content, soluble sugar content, and soluble protein content of Solanum melongena L., and significantly reduced the crude fiber content. In summary, the application of compound amino acid fertilizer can promote the growth of Solanum melongena L., affect the content and distribution of mineral elements, and improve the quality of Solanum melongena L. to a certain extent. Among them, the effect of spraying+flushing treatment is better than that of single flushing treatment and spraying treatment.

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    Effects of nitrogen reduction combined with liquid cow dung on the growth, yield and quality of pepper
    LU Xiuqin, YANG Shuang, LIU Wei, WEN Xiqing
    2024, 65 (5):  1051-1055.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230249
    Abstract ( 861 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1113KB) ( 384 )  

    To explore the effect of nitrogen reduction combined with liquid cow dung on the quality and efficiency of pepper, and screen out the best combination ratio to provide a reference for the efficient use of cow dung resources and the reduction of fertilizer application.The amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application remained unchanged. Seven treatments (CK,no nitrogen fertilizer; T1,liquid cow dung; T2,100% nitrogen; T3,15% nitrogen reduction with liquid cow dung; T4,30% nitrogen reduction with liquid cow dung; T5,45% nitrogen reduction with liquid cow dung; T6,60% nitrogen reduction with liquid cow dung) were set up to study the effects of nitrogen reduction with liquid cow dung on pepper yield and quality.Compared with CK, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf length and leaf width of pepper increased by 5.1%-20.0%, 0.8%-19.3%, 10.2%-35.3% and 10.4%-23.7% respectively; The fresh and dry weight per plant increased by 7.1%-85.1% and 10.3%-104.3% respectively; The yield increased by 11.8%-47.8%; The contents of vitamin C, amino acid and reducing sugar increased by 4.0%-20.0%, 4.9%-79.7% and 15.6%-109.3% respectively; The nitrite content decreased by 60.5%-138.2%. Through comprehensive comparison of various detection indicators, T4 treatment has the best effect and the greatest value. The combination of liquid cow dung and appropriate reduction of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the growth of pepper plants and improve the yield and quality of pepper. Under the standard of liquid cow dung (67.5 t·hm-2), the best reduction of nitrogen fertilizer is 30%.

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    Genetic diversity analysis of 64 white-fruited pepper germplasm resources
    FANG Pingping, ZHANG Ting, WEI Jing, WANG Xueyan, LI Chaosen, LIU Huiqin, WAN Hongjian, GUO Qinwei
    2024, 65 (5):  1056-1063.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240153
    Abstract ( 619 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (8500KB) ( 264 )  

    White-fruited pepper is the most regionally characteristic type of pepper (capsicum) in Zhejiang Province, understanding its genetic diversity serves as an essential foundation for promoting the breeding of new varieties of white-fruited pepper. In this study, 64 white-fruited pepper inbred lines collected from China and abroad were sequenced by Hyper-seq. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis and population structure analysis were also performed. The results showed that a total of 3 511 122 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation and 922 513 insertion-deletion (InDel) were identified from 12 chromosomes of pepper. The average number of SNPs and InDels per chromosome was 292 593.5 and 76 876.0, respectively. The annotation results revealed that InDel and SNP variation predominantly manifested in the intergenic regions, reaching a quantity of 4 000 310.The next significant occurrence was within intronic regions, totaling 226 301. Cluster analysis and population structure analysis, based on SNP diversity, classified the 64 white pepper materials into two main groups: one comprised 36 fresh white-fruited pepper and 1 ornamental white-fruited pepper, while the other consisted of 27 ornamental white-fruited pepper. The principal component analysis results indicated that two groups clustered distinctly in the PC1 and PC2 regions. This study unveils the genetic structure and genetic diversity of white-fruited pepper germplasm resources, providing a foundational understanding for the future development and application of white-fruited pepper germplasm.

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    Study on the selection of grafted rootstocks of Tiwei watermelon
    ZHANG Linling, ZHANG Liquan, XU Linying, ZHANG Jianchun, CAI Pan, QI Zirong
    2024, 65 (5):  1064-1067.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230619
    Abstract ( 127 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1086KB) ( 354 )  

    To screen for Tiwei watermelon rootstock varieties with good grafting affinity, good symbiosis, high survival rate, and strong disease resistance, Zaojia 8424 variety was used as a control. There are three types of rootstocks: gourd type, pumpkin type, and wild type, field experiments were conducted to determine the survival rate, disease resistance, yield and soluble sugar content of grafted seedlings after harvest. The results showed that there was a great difference in the survival rate of grafted watermelon seedlings among different rootstocks. The 9 grafting combinations had a good comprehensive character, the survival rate was 98.5%, and the grafting affinity was good, the incidence of fusarium wilt was 1.7%, the total 667 m2 yield was 4 303.70 kg, the central sugar content was 12.2°, the edge sugar content was 9.2°, the hollow rate was 0. The rootstock Sizhuang 7 is suitable for grafting of Tiwei watermelon, and can be recommended as a grafted rootstock for promotion in Cixi City.

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    Comparison of the effects of different pollination methods on facility watermelon cultivation in Jiangsu region
    LIU Zhe, ZHANG Jie, FENG Ruchao, MA Jiangli, SHEN Feng, ZHENG Jiaqiu, YOU Chun, WANG Weiwei, ZHANG Li'na, ZU Yanxia, WU Yongcheng, ZHANG Xiangxiang, DENG Ye, MEI Yi
    2024, 65 (5):  1068-1071.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231178
    Abstract ( 118 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (3907KB) ( 313 )  

    To explore suitable pollination methods for facility watermelons in Jiangsu region, experiments were conducted by detecting different indicators of watermelon yield and quality under three pollination methods: mason bee, bumblebee, and artificial pollination. The results showed that the longitudinal and transverse diameters of artificial pollination of Jingjia 301 watermelon were higher than those of mason bee pollination and bumblebee pollination; Among the three pollination methods of Jingmei 2K, the mason bee pollination has the largest vertical and horizontal diameter; There was no significant difference in peel thickness among the three pollination methods. The peel thickness of Jingjia 301 watermelon pollinated by bumblebee was higher than that of mason bee pollination and artificial pollination; The peel thickness of Jingmei 2K pollinated by mason bee was higher than that of bumblebee pollination and artificial pollination; The highest content of edge sugar and central sugar of the three pollination methods for Jingjia 301 and Jingmei 2K watermelons are all mason bee pollination; The mason bee has the lowest pollination cost, which is 41.67% of manual pollination and 67.57% of bumblebee pollination. On the premise that there is not much difference in various quality and yield indicators, mason bee pollination has the lowest cost and the best effect, so it is suitable for promotion and use in facility watermelon cultivation.

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    Comparison of small watermelon varieties grown in open field in Dezhou Area
    ZHANG Shaoli, CHANG Peipei, HUANG Lei, HAN Meimei, DUAN Qingqing, ZHANG Zikun, XU Guangdong, WANG Youping
    2024, 65 (5):  1072-1074.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230828
    Abstract ( 131 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1064KB) ( 210 )  

    In order to screen small watermelon varieties suitable for open field cultivation in Dezhou, the tested watermelon varieties were compared in terms of seedling emergence rate, survival rate, growth potential, disease resistance, fruit traits and quality, and yield. The results showed that ZXH had a high emergence rate and survival rate of colonization, which were above 90%, the fruit development period was 28 days, the growth vigor was the strongest, the disease incidence was the lowest of 3.3%, the gradient difference between central sugar and edge sugar content was the smallest, and the whole sugar content was the highest, single melon weight, plot yield and equivalent 667 m2 yield were the highest. The emergence rate of ZT2693-11 was a little lower, but the survival rate of colonization was higher, the growth vigor was stronger, the incidence of disease was lower, the fruit development period was the shortest with only 26 days, the fruit peel was thin, the fruit was short and oval, the content of central sugar was 10.20%, the content of edge sugar was 9.00% with good quality and high yield. In summary, ZXH and Zt2693-11 are suitable for growing in Dezhou.

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    Impact of rice crop rotation and various soil treatments on yield and quality of melon
    ZHANG Zhiming, FANG Li, GUO Huanru, FAN Gaien
    2024, 65 (5):  1075-1078.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231079
    Abstract ( 130 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1074KB) ( 396 )  

    To investigate the preventive effects of rice crop rotation and various soil treatments on continuous cropping obstacles in melon, experiments were conducted using Yongtian 5 melon, examining the effect of various treatments on melon yield and quality. The results showed that high temperature stuffy shed treatment, supplementation with microbial fertilizer, and rice crop rotation in greenhouses all contributed to improving the quality, yield, and income of melon, while reducing the occurrence of fusarium wilt disease. Among these, the yield and income of melon were optimal when subjected to rice crop rotation.

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    Comparative test of melon varieties in early spring in Zhoushan
    ZHOU Jinghan
    2024, 65 (5):  1079-1082.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230907
    Abstract ( 101 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1068KB) ( 335 )  

    In this experiment, three crispy melon varieties were selected as test varieties, namely Dongfangmi 6, Dongfangmi 4 and Cuixue 7. The multi-film mulching and crawling cultivation method was used to compare the fruit traits, growth resistance and economic traits of the three varieties in the growth process. The test results showed that Dongfangmi 6 had a relatively short growth period, crisp flesh texture, beautiful fruit shape, moderate weight and sugar content, strong disease resistance, high total fruit number and commercial fruit rate, which basically met the taste needs of local consumers for melon, and it was easier to seize the market opportunity during the fruit window period in early May. Dongfangmi 6 is the preferred variety for Zhoushan local melons that meet the cultivation conditions in early spring and can be promoted in a large area. Farmers can also sell Dongfangmi 6 in the early stage and Cuixue 7 in the later stage to extend the sales period and promote farmers' income.

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    Effect of new humic acid fertilizer on the growth, yield, and quality of melon
    ZHANG Yue, ZHANG Wenhao, ZHAO Ruiqi, ZHANG Mingke
    2024, 65 (5):  1083-1087.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231193
    Abstract ( 124 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (4679KB) ( 345 )  

    To investigate the application effects of four new types of humic acid fertilizers, a field experiment was conducted using the melon variety Nongdatian 8 as the test material to study its effects on the growth, yield, and quality of the melon. The results showed that compared with the clear water control (CK), all new fertilizers increased melon yield to varying degrees. Among them, HK08 fertilizer had the most significant application effect, increasing yield by 22.22% compared with CK. At the same time, this fertilizer can significantly improve the intrinsic nutritional quality of melon and promote the above ground growth of melon. In summary, the application of HK08 fertilizer can effectively promote the improvement of melon quality and income, and it is recommended to carry out large-scale promotion and application.

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    Effects of different grafting rootstocks on growth, yield and fruit quality of melon
    YU Bin, HE Kuangyi, HONG Meiping, ZHANG Sifa, YAN Shaobing
    2024, 65 (5):  1088-1091.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240027
    Abstract ( 138 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1090KB) ( 449 )  

    In order to select high quality rootstock suitable for grafting melon in Hangzhou area, five different types of rootstocks were introduced as test materials, the main variety of melon Fengdengmi 25 planted in Hangzhou area was used as scion, and the grafting method was adopted, the effects of different grafting rootstocks on survival rate, growth potential, fruit characters, fruit quality, yield and disease resistance of muskmelon were studied. The results showed that Jingyanzhenzhuang performed better than others, the survival rate of grafted seedlings was 83.3%, the grafted seedlings were strong, the flesh was crispy and no peculiar smell, it is more suitable for the grafting rootstock of melon Fengdengmi 25.

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    Comparison and screening experiments of melon varieties in Taizhou Area
    YUE Yani, QI Huijuan, WANG Ying, XU Jingcheng, LIU Shudong, WANG Jingjun, CHEN Weiqiang
    2024, 65 (5):  1092-1096.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231207
    Abstract ( 130 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1087KB) ( 355 )  

    In order to screen out high-yield and high-quality melon varieties suitable for facility cultivation in Taizhou Area, and provide scientific basis for farmers to choose varieties, this experiment used Dongfangmi 1 as a control and conducted field experiments on 9 introduced melon varieties to investigate their growth period, quality, yield, and other characteristics. The experimental results showed that the three varieties of crispy flesh melon, Fengdengmi 25, Zhetian 401, and soft flesh melon, Yalvchunxiang, performed well comprehensively and were suitable for promotion and cultivation in Taizhou Area. Fengdengmi 25 is a light green oval reticulated melon with a sweet, crispy and delicious taste. The central sugar content is 17.5%, and the 667 m2 yield is 1 623.7 kg. Zhetian 401 is a white smooth peel melon with a sweet, crispy and juicy taste, a central sugar content of 16.4%, and a 667 m2 yield of 1 548.3 kg. Yalvchunxiang is a light green round smooth peel melon, sweet and juicy, delicate and soft, with a central sugar content of 17.8% and a 667 m2 yield of 1 489.9 kg. In addition, Cuixue 7 has a short growth period and Zhetian 105 has excellent quality. These two varieties have obvious advantages in terms of individual items and can be appropriately planted to meet different market demands.

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    Effect of different organic fertilizer substitutions on soil property and quality of citrus
    XU Jianfeng, JIN Yuqing, ZHU Xiaoting, FANG Hui, CAI Jianjun, YE Zhengqian
    2024, 65 (5):  1097-1101.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230757
    Abstract ( 167 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1421KB) ( 538 )  

    Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different organic fertilizer substitution modes on the quality and soil properties of citrus. A control experiment was conducted by setting up five treatments: no fertilization, conventional fertilization, chemical fertilizer optimization, 15% organic fertilizer substitution, and 30% organic fertilizer substitution. The results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties and fruit quality of each organic fertilizer substitution treatment were improved to varying degrees compared with the blank non-fertilization and chemical fertilizer optimization. Among them, the soil pH value of 15% organic fertilizer substitution treatment was the highest, and the soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content increased with organic fertilizer substitution ratio. The juice rate of 15% organic fertilizer substitution treatment was the highest, and the content of soluble solids was lower than that of conventional fertilization. At the same time, 15% organic fertilizer substitution treatment has the lowest total acid content. From the perspective of soil quality improvement and citrus quality improvement, 15% fertilizer organic fertilizer can be used instead of chemical fertilizer.

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    Identification of CHS gene in Chinese cabbage and transcriptional expression analysis under high nitrogen levels
    LEI Juanli, ZHAO Yanting, YUE Zhichen, TAO Peng, HU Qizan, LI Biyuan
    2024, 65 (5):  1102-1107.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230943
    Abstract ( 123 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (2138KB) ( 278 )  

    In order to investigate the mechanism of exacerbation of Chinese cabbage petiole black spot disease caused by high nitrogen levels, the resistant and suscetible Chinese cabbage were treated with normal and high nitrogen levels, and sampled petioles were sampled at different time before and after treatment for transcriptome sequencing. The Chinese cabbage chalcone synthase (CHS) gene was identified and analyzed for different Chinese cabbage CHS genes at normal and high nitrogen levels. The differential expression between resistant and susceptible Chinese cabbage showed that a total of 7 CHS genes were identified, of which 3 genes (BrCHS1, BrCHS3, and BrCHS4) had higher expression levels under high nitrogen levels than the normal nitrogen levels, and the expression level of susceptible Chinese cabbage was higher than that of resistant Chinese cabbage under high nitrogen levels. Therefore, it is speculated that these three Chinese cabbage CHS genes may be related to the formation of Chinese cabbage petiole black spot disease. This study lays the foundation for revealing the mechanism of black spot disease on the petiole of Chinese cabbage.

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    Introduction experiment of 21 colored Chinese cabbage species
    DING Yun, TONG Weihuo, CAO Hanzhang, PANG Limin
    2024, 65 (5):  1108-1114.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230381
    Abstract ( 101 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (2503KB) ( 304 )  

    The development of the Tiantai cabbage industry is backward, and there is an urgent need to introduce new varieties to explore new prospects. This article introduces 21 types of colored Chinese cabbage and conducts field variety comparison experiments. Using yield and stress resistance as screening indicators, purple Chinese cabbage 16ZF4, purple orange Chinese cabbage 21ZCF4, 21ZCF5, 21ZCF8, 21ZCF20, 21ZCF27, and orange Chinese cabbage 19CF7 were successfully selected. The varieties selected in this experiment will be promoted after further investigation, which is beneficial for the renewal of rooftop varieties and promotes increased income for farmers in Tiantai.

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    Application of biodegradable mulch film on overwintering Chinese cabbage
    ZHOU Hong, ZHU Pengfei, XU Jia, CHEN Cong
    2024, 65 (5):  1115-1119.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230897
    Abstract ( 99 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (7384KB) ( 179 )  

    In response to the current situation of soil pollution caused by plastic film mulching residue, different specifications and types of biodegradable mulch films were continuously introduced to study its degradation properties and its impact on crop growth and yield of overwintering Chinese cabbage. The results showed that the effects of several black biodegradable mulch films used in the experiment on the growth and yield of Chinese cabbage were not significant. Different degrees of degradation occurred during the planting process of Chinese cabbage, and it did not affect the subsequent large-scale mechanical plowing and subsequent rice planting. The residual degradation film flipped into the soil after two years of use was negligible. Among them, the black degradation film with 8 μm specification has the highest practical production and has been promoted and applied for four years, with good application results.

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    Identification of the purity of Dianhu 1 hybrids using InDel markers
    FANG Xiaoxue, WEI Yinlan, ZHANG Chengfeng, LIAO Han, HU Jinbin, WU Xinsheng
    2024, 65 (5):  1120-1125.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240078
    Abstract ( 124 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (6021KB) ( 227 )  

    Dianhu 1 is a new variety of Brassica rapa L.ssp.chinensis L. bred by Ningbo Weimeng Seed Industry Co. Ltd., but the speed of seed purity identification has limited the promotion of this variety. In order to realize high-throughput and rapid identification of the purity of hybrid seeds of this variety, InDel markers for purity detection were developed on the basis of the resequencing of the genomes of the parents of Dianhu 1 (Male parent: EPG-194; Female parent: EPG-168). The DNA samples of Dianhu 1 and its parents were used to select primers D1-7 with complementary band types, clear amplification bands and fast separation speed, and the primers were used to detect the F1 population of Dianhu 1 in the field. The primer D1-7 was used to test the F1 population of Dianhu 1 in the field (400 plants for EpG-194×EpG-168 group and 400 plants EpG-168×EpG-194 group). In the experiment, the molecular detection results of primer D1-7 showed that there were 146 and 32 non-F1 hybrids in the EpG-194×EpG-168 group and EpG-168×EpG-194 group, and 146 and 32 non-F1 hybrids in the EpG-194×EpG-168 group and EpG-168×EpG-194 group were identified by field phenotyping, which were identical to the results of the 800 single plants identified by the two primers. The results showed that the InDel primers D1-7 accurately identified the mixed maternal selfed hybrids in Dianhu 1 population, which laid the foundation for the rapid identification of the purity of Dianhu 1 hybrids in the future.

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    Breeding and cultivation techniques of a new pakchoi F1 hybrid Tongguan No.2
    LIAO Huimin, CHEN Qin, HU Jinbin, WU Xinsheng
    2024, 65 (5):  1126-1130.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240085
    Abstract ( 135 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1105KB) ( 397 )  

    Tongguan No.2 is a new pakchoi F1 hybrid that is developed by two self-incompatible lines Qgc431 as the female parent and Qgc452 as the male parent. The plant type is petite, compact and high level of girding. The leaves are broad oval, with green color and non-obvious veins, and the petioles are smooth, wide and thick with pale green color. In short, the appearance and the quality of flavor are good. It is harvested about 45 days after adopting facility protective planting in autumn in Zhejiang area. The size of plant is 18.2 cm in height and 22.2 cm×23.3 cm in expansion diameter. The maximum leaf length is 21.2 cm, the maximum leaf width is 12.5 cm, the petiole length is 6.3 cm, the petiole width is 4.0 cm. The average weight of single plant is about 149.7 g, and the average yield per 667 m2 is about 1 873.0 kg. It is highly resistant to virus disease, moderately resistant to soft rot. It has wide adaptability all over the country for cultivation. It is suitable for planting in late spring and autumn when cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and similar ecological characteristics area. It was applied for the identification of Zhejiang Crop Cultivar Approval Committee in 2023.

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    Breeding and planting techniques of a new early mature Chinese cabbage variety Zheyan 5
    ZHU Shouye, SHI Zhengkan, YANG Changqin, SHI Ruimin, ZHENG Ying
    2024, 65 (5):  1131-1134.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231226
    Abstract ( 142 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1091KB) ( 402 )  

    Zheyan 5 is a first generation hybrid of early maturing Chinese cabbage developed by Tongxiang Lvhe Agricultural Technology Development Limited Company, using the self incompatible line TW-6-2-6-5 as the female parent and the self incompatible line JC-3-5-6-3 as the male parent. The variety was harvested 55-60 days after sowing. The plant has an upright growth habit, with a tube shaped leaf bulb, white middle ribs, green leaves, nearly circular leaf shape, a height of 40 cm, a width of 40-45 cm, and a full leaf margin. The center of the ball is yellow, with a height of 30.0 cm and a lateral diameter of 15 cm. The net weight of a single ball is about 1.40 kg, and the 667 m2 yield is 4 660.0 kg. The variety was heat resistant, moisture resistant, highly resistant to viral diseases, moderately resistant to downy mildew. This variety is suitable for cultivation as a seedling type cabbage in summer and as a heading cabbage in autumn in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and similar ecological regions.

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    Experiment on the sowing date and variety comparison of bolting tolerant Chinese cabbage in Hangzhou Area
    SHEN Liang, WANG Jiajie, WU Yubin, DING Ju
    2024, 65 (5):  1135-1138.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230799
    Abstract ( 98 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1075KB) ( 252 )  

    In order to select suitable varieties of Chinese cabbage for spring cultivation in Hangzhou, 8 varieties of Chinese cabbage were introduced and compared in 3 sowing periods. The results indicate that all 8 varieties exhibit buds and bolting when cultivated in spring. The varieties of Sijimei and Zheyanhuangyu have a late bud stage, lower bolting rate, and shorter bolt length during the harvest period, indicating that these two varieties have good resistance to low temperature and bolting. Moreover, these two varieties have upright plant types, good compactness, good commercial and high-yield properties, and excellent overall performance, which can be promoted and applied as spring resistant leafy vegetable varieties in Hangzhou Area.

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    Effects of biochar on soil improvement and yield and quality of Chinese cabbage in greenhouses
    LI Gensheng, LI Zenan, WANG Meixian, LU Haiqin
    2024, 65 (5):  1139-1142.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240081
    Abstract ( 139 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1122KB) ( 486 )  

    There are soil problems such as soil acidification and heavy metal accumulation in perennial continuous greenhouses, which seriously restrict the sustainable development of agriculture and the safe production of agricultural products, and it is urgent to treat the greenhouse soil with soil degradation problems. The effects of corn straw biochar application on soil, yield and quality of Chinese cabbage were studied through field experiments. The results showed that compared with the control, the pH value of the soil was increased by 0.47-0.86, the organic matter content was increased by 32.0%-65.6%, the total nitrogen content was increased by 8.4%-19.3%, the available phosphorus content was increased by 38.9%-42.3%, and the available Cd content was reduced by 32.8%-47.7%. When 30 t·hm-2 biochar was applied, the yield and soluble sugar content of Chinese cabbage increased by 18.8% and 27.8%, respectively. When 15 and 30 t·hm-2 biochar were applied, the nitrate content in Chinese cabbage decreased by 37.7% and 44.7%, and the Cd content decreased by 22.8% and 60.5%, respectively. It can be seen that high dosage of biochar can more effectively reduce the content of available Cd in soil and the content of Cd in Chinese cabbage. The application of 30 t·hm-2 biochar could better improve the greenhouse soil and increase the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage.

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    Hybrid seed production technology for male sterility of broccoli
    TAN Guoyin, HE Daogen, GAO Xu, ZHU Changzhi, ZHANG Hongyun
    2024, 65 (5):  1143-1147.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240016
    Abstract ( 116 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1092KB) ( 347 )  

    Currently, most broccoli varieties are produced through male sterile hybrid breeding. Due to lack of experience in the early stage, the yield of seed production is low and the quality of seeds is poor, which to some extent restricts the promotion and application of new varieties. Through years of experimentation and exploration, the Broccoli Research Group of Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences has summarized a set of “Three Controls and One Supplement” high-yield seed production techniques for broccoli, which has improved seed production yield and quality, and accelerated the promotion speed of new varieties.

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    Effects of different seed coating agents on the seed germination and seedling growth of Brassica oleracea
    WU Ting, MA Cunfa, ZHAO Hui, ZHONG Liufeng, XU Bowen, HU Yu, DENG Zhiqiang, YU Yonghui, XIAO Jiancheng, GU Honghui, WANG Jiansheng
    2024, 65 (5):  1148-1152.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230876
    Abstract ( 116 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1122KB) ( 151 )  

    In order to improve the seed quality of Brassica oleracea and reduce the incidence of seedling diseases, this study investigated the effects of different concentrations of hymexazol and metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil seed coating agents on seed germination, seedling growth, and disease occurrence of Brassica oleracea. The results showed that the seed germination potential, seed germination rate, and emergence rate of two Brassica oleracea varieties showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing after being mixed with the same pesticide at different concentrations. When the concentration of hymexazol seed coating agent is 0.10%, the seeds germination potential and seeds germination rate were higher than other concentrations of hymexazol seed coating agent treatments; The germination potential and germination rate of the seeds treated with 3 mL·kg-1 metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil seed coating agent were higher than those treated with other concentrations of metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil seed coating agent, and it was also the most effective among all treatments. The research results provide important reference and guidance for the high-quality seed processing technology of Brassica oleracea.

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    Effect of prohexadione-calcium on the growth and quality of cauliflower seedlings
    ZHOU Tiantian, YANG Wenjie
    2024, 65 (5):  1153-1158.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230872
    Abstract ( 109 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1381KB) ( 215 )  

    The problem of seedling succulent growth seriously affects the quality of seedlings, and effectively preventing seedling succulent growth is of great significance for cauliflower seedling cultivation. This study focuses on cauliflower as the experimental object. There are a total of 9 treatments in this experiment, and different concentrations of calcium cyclamate (Pro Ca) are sprayed at different stages to study the impact on the growth of cauliflower seedlings. The results showed that spraying a suitable concentration of Pro-Ca at a suitable time could not only effectively inhibit the seedlings height, increase stem diameter, growth function(G value), root-to-shoot ratio, and seedling strength index, and improve the seedling quality, but also significantly increase the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and stomatal conductance of cauliflower seedlings. However, it had no significant effect on the root morphological characteristics of cauliflower seedlings. Comprehensive analysis showed that the best effect was to apply 150 mg·L-1 calcium cyclamate to the A1B2 group when the seedlings were fully grown (one week after sowing). Therefore, reasonable application of calcium cyclamate can effectively regulate the seedling type, improve seedling quality, and facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings.

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    Effects of quantitative nutrient management on the growth and nutrient contents of mini radish with soilless culture in different growing seasons
    LI Huixia, LIU Wei, ZHOU Gang, YUAN He, ZHANG Xiaomei, LI Hong, YUAN Shengliang, YANG Rui
    2024, 65 (5):  1159-1164.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230813
    Abstract ( 81 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1203KB) ( 199 )  

    In this article, the effects of quantitative nutrient management below the optimal nutrient solution concentration on the growth and nutrient contents of mini radish in three different growing seasons were studied. Three treatments were set in the experiment: 500(T1), 400(T2) and 300 (T3) mg nitrate nitrogen per plant, which were 60%, 50% and 40% of the optimum concentration, respectively. The above-ground and underground growth, nutrient contents and nitrate contents in different parts of mini radish with soilless culture were measured in spring, autumn and winter. The results showed that all treatments reached the commercial weight in spring, and the highest weight of underground part reached 54.5 g (T1 treatment), but the growth of underground part in autumn and winter were slower than that in spring, and the leaf length increased significantly. In the three growing seasons, the nutrient contents of N, K and Ca in the above-ground and underground were little changed, but the nitrate contents changed irregularly, which needs further study in the future. In overall consideration, the optimum concentration of nitrate nitrogen was 400 mg per plant, which was suitable for the annual production of mini radish with soilless culture.

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    Comparative experiment on the introduction of new mustard varieties
    ZHANG Jianghao, SUN Weihua, CHEN Fei, SHEN Meng, YAO Xiangtan
    2024, 65 (5):  1165-1168.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230793
    Abstract ( 102 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (2227KB) ( 267 )  

    Four mustard varieties were introduced, and the local small-leaved mustard was used as the control. Agronomic traits, viral disease incidence and yield were measured. The results showed that Yongan xiaoye had high yield and good resistance to sprouting. Yongzha No. 6 and Jiazha 3 have high yield and good early maturity, which are suitable for local cultivation.

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    Effects of different organic nutrient solution on the growth of lettuce
    ZHANG Xinghong, JI Jia'nan, LIU Canguang, NI Weichen
    2024, 65 (5):  1169-1173.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20231169
    Abstract ( 132 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1116KB) ( 319 )  

    Using Italian bolting-tolerant lettuce as material, we studied the effects of organic nutrient solution formula with different organic substances(urea, humic acid, potassium fulvic acid, EDTA-2Na) on the growth and quality of lettuce by soil-less cultivation. The results showed that nutrient solution containing low concentration of urea could effectively increase the fresh weight of lettuce root, but nutrient solution containing higher concentration of urea could reduce it. Besides, adding 50 mg·L-1 and 100 mg·L-1 EDTA-2Na to the nutrient solution can obviously increase the soluble sugar content in lettuce. Both humic acid nutrient solution and urea replacing 40% nitrate nitrogen treatment can effectively increase soluble protein content in lettuce. To sum up, the best treatment is urea replacing 40% nitrate nitrogen in the nutrient solution with urea.

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    Breeding and key cultivation technique of a new vegetable soybean variety Zhenong 20
    SHEN Li, GONG Yaming, LIU Na, FENG Zhijuan, BU Yuanpeng, WANG Bin, ZHANG Guwen
    2024, 65 (5):  1174-1178.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240080
    Abstract ( 131 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1086KB) ( 392 )  

    Zhenong 20 is a new vegetable soybean variety bred by Zhejiang Wuwangnong Seed Industry Co., Ltd. and the Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It was approved by Zhejiang Province in 2023, with the approval number Zheshendou 2023002. It has the characteristics of high yield, good quality, high disease resistance, wide adaptability and good commercialization. It has the average reproductive period of 79.4 d, determinate podding habit, converging plant type. The plant height is 28.2 cm, main stem node is 7.7, and effective branche is 3.3. There are 29.1 effective pods per plant, with a standard pod rate of 72.6%. The standard two pod is 5.5 cm long and 1.5 cm wide, with an average of 2.0 seeds per pod. Fresh hundred pods weigh is 304.3 g, and fresh hundred seeds weigh is 79.2 g; The seeds are elliptical in shape, the seed coat is light green, the cotyledons are yellow, and the taste is fragrant, sweet, soft and glutinous. It was highly resistant to mosaic virus disease SC15 and SC18 strain, and susceptible to anthracnose. The average yield of 667 m2 was 836.8 kg in the regional test of fresh spring soybeans of Zhejiang Province in 2020 and 2021, and the average yield of 667 m2 was 660.0 kg in the production test of fresh spring soybeans of Zhejiang Province. This variety is suitable for spring planting in Zhejiang and surrounding provinces.

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    Trial planting performance and main cultivation techniques of the new vegetable soybean variety Zhenong Qiufeng 4 in Longyou
    ZHANG Zhihong, ZHANG Guwen, LI Zhengquan, LIU Na, FENG Zhijuan, BU Yuanpeng, WANG Bin, GONG Yaming
    2024, 65 (5):  1179-1183.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230922
    Abstract ( 113 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1091KB) ( 386 )  

    Zhenong Qiufeng 4 is a new autumn soybean variety developed by Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which is resistant to late sowing. It was approved by the Zhejiang Provincial Main Crop Variety Approval Committee in May 2020. In 2022, it was introduced for trial planting in Tashi Town, Longyou County. It showed early maturity, good podding ability, wide pods, full plump pods, long shelf life, and advantages such as early maturity, high quality, high yield, and good commercialization. It is suitable for autumn planting in Longyou area. In order to promote the widespread planting of Zhenong Qiufeng 4 in Longyou area, this article introduces its yield, agronomic traits, disease resistance, and quality. It also introduces its high yield and efficient cultivation techniques from aspects such as land consolidation, seed treatment, bird prevention, weed control, chemical height control, and pest control.

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    Comparison of agronomic characteristics and nutritional components of different seed bodies of Morchella spp.
    WU Yuyong, JIANG Xin, DONG Heling, GU Tianfei, YU Aiying, ZHU Lijuan
    2024, 65 (5):  1184-1189.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230711
    Abstract ( 155 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1135KB) ( 280 )  

    In order to screen out the morel varieties suitable for cultivation in Xianju Area, Zhejiang Province, seven introduced morel varieties were compared and tested. The mushroom production, yield, agronomic traits and nutrients of seven morel cultivars were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the cap of Tileng was brown, the density of mushrooms was the densest, the shape of mushrooms was the smallest, and the fresh weight of a single mushroom was the smallest. The cap of Zidantou is grayish-brown and the mushroom shape is relatively uniform. The G8 cap is yellowish-brown in color, with thick flesh and a large mushroom shape. G10 did not grow. The 667 m2 yield of Tileng, G5, Zidantou and G8 all exceeded 250 kg, and G5 produced the highest. The fruiting bodies of the six morel mushroom varieties were rich in protein and potassium, among which Zidantou had the highest protein content and Tileng had the lowest protein content. Glutamic acid content was the highest, followed by aspartic acid, and umami amino acids accounted for 24.64%-26.07% of the total amino acid content. The amino acid composition ratio analysis showed all were high-quality protein, and the G5 amino acid ratio is the most reasonable. Comprehensive analysis showed that the traits of G5, Zidantou and G8 performed excellently, and were more suitable for promotion and planting in Xianju and surrounding areas of Zhejiang.

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    Research on the single-tide explosive mushroom production technology of industrialization in Pleurotus geesteranus
    YANG Jianwen, WU Youliang, MAO Xiaowei, CHEN Xiaoping, YANG Minghua, LIU Suya, WEI Hailong
    2024, 65 (5):  1190-1193.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230289
    Abstract ( 93 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1100KB) ( 139 )  

    The traditional off-season cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus medium is based on sawdust, which is harvested in 6-7 tides, with a long cycle, large labor consumption and high cultivation cost. The cultivation of industrial mushroom is large, the production cycle is short, and the output is concentrated. In order to explore the key technology of single-tide explosive mushroom industrial production, we compared different strains, medium formulations, germination period, and found that the optimal strain suitable for industrialized single-tide explosive mushroom was Jinxiu, and the optimal formula was 15% cottonseed husk, 15% corn cob, 26.5% sawdust, 20% bagasse, 20% bran, 2.5% soybean meal and 1% lime, and the germination period of mushroom was 70 days.

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    Effect of 0.5% abamectin liquid fertilizer on tomato root-knot nematode disease and growth promotion
    SHEN Xingming, WANG Na, REN Shiwei, YU Dazhao, LIU Cunping, ZHNE Lei, CHEN Hongkun, ZHANG Xiangmin
    2024, 65 (5):  1194-1197.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230544
    Abstract ( 499 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1147KB) ( 207 )  

    Abamectin is a hexadecyclic macrolide compound with insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activities, which has the characteristics of novel structure, dual use of agriculture and livestock, slow production of resistance, contact killing, stomach toxicity, strong penetration, no teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects, and is one of the most popular products in the current biopesticide market. In order to explore the application technology of 0.5% avermectin liquid fertilizer on tomato root-knot nematode disease resistance and its growth-promoting technology, 0.5% avermectin liquid fertilizer was prepared into different concentration solutions, and the activity of nematodes inhibition was measured in the laboratory, and the potted tomatoes were washed to observe and record the occurrence of tomato root-knot nematode disease and the changes of agronomic traits. Studies have shown that 0.5% avermectin liquid fertilizer has the ability to knock down and kill root-knot nematodes. When diluted 800 times, the indicators of tomato agronomic traits reached the highest. Therefore, it is recommended to use 0.5% avermectin liquid fertilizer with a concentration of 800 times dilution, and the tomato has the best effect on root-knot nematode disease and growth.

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    Study on detection of Acidovorax citrulli in watermelon seeds
    HONG Ming, ZHANG Zhixiang, FANG Xiaoxue, XU Zhanhao, ZHU Enze
    2024, 65 (5):  1198-1202.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230385
    Abstract ( 138 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (3613KB) ( 279 )  

    Bacterial fruit blotch (Acidovorax citrulli) is a worldwide disease caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, which seriously endangers the crops of the gourd family. The disease is mainly transmitted through seeds at a long distance. If the seeds can be detected before planting, fruit blotch and other pathogens can effectively prevent economic losses to fruit farmers.In this experiment, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and PCR detection methods were used to detect bacterial fruit spot disease in 5 watermelon seeds, aiming to compare two different detection methods and explore their respective advantages and disadvantages. After comparing the two methods, it was found that the experimental results of ELISA detection method were easy to be affected by external factors, and the operation requirements were relatively high, and the accuracy was not as good as that of PCR detection method. However, in the PCR detection method, primer selection was very important, and the primer selection was directly related to the accuracy of the experiment. Therefore, the exploration of primer selection for PCR detection of bacterial fruit spot disease should be continued.

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    Screening test of pesticides for the prevention and control of rice bakanae disease
    SHEN Zujin, SHEN Yuejun, YAO Zhangliang, XU Weidong, LU Qiang
    2024, 65 (5):  1203-1207.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230750
    Abstract ( 153 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (5778KB) ( 450 )  

    Rice bakanae disease is an important rice disease. Six agents were selected for the screening test, and the soaking test of 200 g·L-1 fluazole hydroxylamine suspension, the safety of 25% prochloraz aqueous emulsion and 25% cyanostrobin suspension was evaluated by indoor germination rate measurement and other tests. The results showed that the mixed soaking of 25% prochloraz aqueous emulsion and 25% cyanostrobin suspension in barrels for 48 h had an inhibitory effect on the growth of hybrid rice shoots and roots, but had no significant effect on the germination rate. The results of the screening test showed that the control effect of each treatment was unstable for 2 years, but the control effect of 25% cyanostrobin suspension was not good, and the control effect of 0.3% tetramycin aqueous solution was relatively good. 200 g·L-1 fluazole hydroxylamine suspension 500-8 000 times had a good control effect, which was significantly better than the control agent 25% cyanostrobin suspension. No disease was found in any of the plots after 500 and 1 000 times of 200 g·L-1 fluazole hydroxylamine suspension treatment. 0.3% tetramycin aqueous solution and 200 g·L-1 fluazole hydroxylamine suspension can be used for the prevention and control of rice bakanae disease.

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    Effects of different microbial fertilizer and its dosage on soil and tea quality in tea garden
    LI Guisong, WU Lintu, XU Huozhong, WANG Yunxiang, ZHOU Ling'ai, TANG Shiqin, LIU Qiming, HE Jinfa, CHI Yongqing
    2024, 65 (5):  1208-1214.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230164
    Abstract ( 202 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1645KB) ( 405 )  

    In order to improve the soil quality of tea garden, reduce the safety risk of tea and improve the quality of tea, the best microbial fertilizer and its dosage suitable for Songyang tea garden soil were explored. Soil nutrients and tea yield and quality were determined by using two kinds of microbial fertilizer, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus glia, and different dosage control treatments. The pH value, contents of organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in tea garden soil were increased by 2.44% to 3.66%, 3.01% to 8.54%, 5.36% to 9.47%, 3.66% to 7.63% and 3.38% to 13.54%, respectively. The application of bacterial fertilizer significantly reduced the content of available cadmium in soil, by 10.53% to 36.84%(P<0.05), and the application of high dosage of Bacillus subtilis fertilizer had the largest reduction of available cadmium content, by 36.84%. The contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, caffeine and water extract of tea were increased by 2.03% to 12.46%, 3.57% to 17.86%, 15% to 20%, 1.78% to 8.44% and 8.78% to 47.61%, respectively. The application of bacterial fertilizer significantly reduced the cadmium content of tea leaves by 35.29% to 70.59%, and the lowest cadmium content of tea leaves applied with high dosage of Bacillus glossum fertilizer was 0.05 mg·kg-1. Compared with low fertilizer application, the cadmium content of tea with high fertilizer application decreased significantly by 45.45%(P < 0.05). In summary, the application of the two kinds of microbial fertilizer is conducive to improving the quality of tea gardens and effectively reducing the heavy metal cadmium content in tea and soil, and the effect is more significant with the increase of the concentration of microbial fertilizer.

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    Tea cultivars registration status and main characteristics of high-quality germplasm resources of tea plants in China
    QIU Xiaoying
    2024, 65 (5):  1215-1223.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240064
    Abstract ( 161 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1684KB) ( 337 )  

    Tea germplasm resources are the basis of tea industry development, the basis of tea breeding and the premise of variety innovation. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research on tea germplasm resources to promote tea technology innovation and industrial sustainable development. By means of literature investigation, experimental observation and other methods, this paper reviewed the status quo of germplasm resources research and breeding direction of tea plants in China, and carried out statistical analysis on the registration of tea plants in China. In general, tea varieties are more inclined to medium seed, early seed, high yield, semi-open tree appearance, fewer new shoots and suitable for green tea products.

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    Transformation path and current situation of science and technology support in Guangxi tea industry
    CHEN Junrui, SHI Yuanzhi, HU Junming, WEI Xianghua, ZHANG Junhui, ZHENG Fuhai, SUO Guangli
    2024, 65 (5):  1224-1231.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230371
    Abstract ( 101 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1342KB) ( 353 )  

    Guangxi is a dominant tea region in South China, with early tea market and good quality. However, the overall brand effect and economic benefits of the tea industry lag behind the well-known tea-producing provinces outside the region. It is urgent to improve the competitive advantage of the tea industry through scientific and technological innovation and promote the high-quality development of the tea industry in Guangxi. In this paper, four typical tea regions in Guangxi, namely Zhaoping, Lingyun, Cangwu and Guiping, are selected to analyze the technological development status of regional tea industry by referring to major tea-producing provinces, combining tea industry policies, and based on relevant typical literature and scientific and technological achievements, so as to provide theoretical thinking for the scientific and technological support of Guangxi tea industry. Tea industry is an important means to promote rural development and prosperity in Guangxi minority areas. Although the area of tea gardens and tea production in Guangxi are increasing year by year, and the economic value is constantly increasing, tea science and technology in Guangxi lags behind the major tea-producing provinces in terms of tea industry production management, brand building, industrial integration and talent cultivation. The deficiency of tea science and technology support in Guangxi was discussed from the aspects of tea planting scale, tea brand value, tea science and technology literature, tea science and technology awards, etc. The paper puts forward the transformation and development path of tea industry, which is to excavate regional high-quality tea germplasm resources, build high-quality standardization system of tea industry, strengthen the construction and management of well-known tea brands, coordinate the deep integration of “Three Tea”, optimize the mechanism of top-line tea talents, and promote the overall layout of tea science and technology. Scientific and technological innovation has a unique advantage in the development of tea industry, and the integration of science and technology in the whole industrial chain of production, university and research will help promote the transformation and high-quality development of Guangxi tea industry.

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    A preliminary report on the effect of different ratio of substrate on the growth of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum
    NI Jianping, WEN Junqing, LIU Yejun, JIANG Huaqin, DING Gengwei, MIAO Qiang, YANG Lujun
    2024, 65 (5):  1232-1235.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230785
    Abstract ( 126 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (2381KB) ( 352 )  

    Based on the production practice of the base, this study carried out the application experiments of different ratios of biochar and peat soil, observed the growth of roots, cane leaves and plants of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum, and evaluated the ecological improvement effect of biochar and peat soil, so as to provide technical support for the improvement of the quality of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. Adding biochar to the substrate in the production of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum can reduce the substrate bulk density, increase the total porosity of the substrate, promote root development, increase substrate pH value, and promote the development of leaves. Moreover, due to the increase in the ratio of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum by adding biochar, the substrate micro-environment tends to be bacterial, which is more favorable for its growth.

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    Progress in the application of microbial agents in the prevention and control of medicinal plant diseases
    ZHENG Zizhen, LI Xiujuan, ZHOU Wei, SHI Min, KAI Guoyin
    2024, 65 (5):  1236-1241.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240046
    Abstract ( 300 )   HTML ( 25 )   PDF (2770KB) ( 406 )  

    The frequent occurrence of diseases in the cultivation process of medicinal plants and the continuous use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers will cause serious harm to the plant and the environment, and have a direct negative impact on the yield and quality of Chinese medicinal materials. Problems such as excessive pesticide residues have become the bottleneck restricting the healthy development of Chinese medicinal materials industry. Microbial agents have many effects, such as preventing and controlling medicinal plant diseases, promoting growth and improving soil ecology, and are highly efficient and environmentally friendly, which has become a hot research in the field of medicinal plant disease control. In this study, the research and application of microbial agents in the prevention and control of medicinal plant diseases were reviewed, and further development was prospected, in order to provide reference for the application of microbial agents in the cultivation and disease control of medicinal plants.

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    Dynamic analysis and development suggestion of forest resources in northern Zhejiang Plain: a case study of Haining, Zhejiang Province
    ZHAO Xianmin, ZHENG Xianfang, CHEN Wenhai, JIN Guolin, WU Longfei
    2024, 65 (5):  1242-1248.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230453
    Abstract ( 121 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1113KB) ( 409 )  

    Taking Haining as the research object of forest resources, this paper summarizes the current situation and characteristics of forest resources in the plain area of northern Zhejiang. By analyzing and studying the results of the second category forest resource survey in 2009 and 2017, including land area, forest volume, and forest species structure, this study explores the trend of forest resource growth and development, and proposes five suggestions for protecting and developing forest resources, with the aim of providing guidance for the sustainable development of plain forestry.

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    Digital villages, agricultural industry agglomeration and common prosperity
    QU Yi
    2024, 65 (5):  1249-1256.  DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240023
    Abstract ( 178 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (1275KB) ( 368 )  

    Based on the panel data of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) from 2011 to 2020, the spatial Doberman model, mediation effect model and threshold regression model were selected to study the impact of digital countryside and agricultural industry agglomeration on common prosperity. The results show that the spillover effect of common prosperity in space is significantly positive; The direct effect of agricultural industry agglomeration is significantly positive; The agglomeration of agricultural industries has played a masking effect in the process of promoting common prosperity in the construction of digital villages, and the synergy between digital village construction and fiscal transfer payments will inhibit the improvement of common prosperity in the region. Further analysis of the threshold effect shows that the improvement of urbanization level will promote the positive effect of digital village construction on common prosperity.

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