浙江农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (11): 2759-2763.DOI: 10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20241005

• 资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同蔬菜产区土壤重金属的污染特征与潜在生态风险评价

沈群超(), 翁颖, 高丹娜, 蒋开杰()   

  1. 慈溪市农业监测中心, 浙江 慈溪 315300
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-31 出版日期:2025-11-11 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 蒋开杰(1978—),男,浙江慈溪人,本科,高级农艺师,主要研究方向为农产品质量安全技术推广,E-mail:jiangkjjiangkj@163.com
  • 作者简介:沈群超(1980—),女,浙江慈溪人,本科,高级农艺师,主要研究方向为植物保护和农产品质量安全,E-mail:show1980@163.com

Evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution characteristics and potential ecological risks in different vegetable production areas

SHEN Qunchao(), WENG Ying, GAO Danna, JIANG Kaijie()   

  1. Cixi Agricultural Monitoring Center, Cixi 315300, Zhejiang
  • Received:2024-12-31 Online:2025-11-11 Published:2025-12-01

摘要:

为分析不同蔬菜产区土壤重金属污染特征与潜在生态风险,根据工业、交通和城镇化对农产品质量安全的影响,本研究将蔬菜生产区域划分为4类:普通农区、城市近郊农区、公路两侧农区和工业区附近农区。采集4类区域代表性土壤样点,比较铅、铬、镉、铜、汞、砷、锌、镍等8种重金属元素含量。结果显示,工业区附近农区受干扰最大,其次是城市近郊和公路两侧农区,普通农区受到的干扰最小。铅在公路两侧含量最高,镉、铬、铜、砷、镍在工业区附近含量最高,汞、锌在城市近郊含量最高。潜在生态风险评价结果表明,4类生产区域均处于轻微累积,累积现状排序为工业区附近农区>城市近郊农区>公路两侧农区>普通农区,且4类区域中的镉均达到中等累积,其他7种元素均为轻微累积,但是各区域仍然符合绿色食品生产要求。

关键词: 土壤, 重金属, 功能区, 潜在生态风险

Abstract:

To analyze the characteristics of heavy metal contamination and potential ecological risks in soils across different vegetable production areas, this study categorized vegetable production areas into four types based on the impacts of industry, transportation, and urbanization on the quality and safety of agricultural products: general agricultural areas, peri-urban agricultural areas, areas alongside highways, and areas near industrial zones. Representative soil samples were collected from these four categories to compare the content of eight heavy metal elements, including lead, chromium, cadmium, copper, mercury, arsenic, zinc, and nickel. The results showed that vegetable production areas near industrial zones were the most affected, followed by peri-urban agricultural areas, areas alongside highways, while general agricultural areas were the least affected. The lead content was the highest on both sides of the highway, cadmium, chromium, copper, arsenic, and nickel contents were the highest near industrial areas, and mercury and zinc contents were the highest in the suburbs of cities. The potential ecological risk assessment results indicated that all four types of vegetable production areas were in a state of slight accumulation, with the order of accumulation status being areas near industrial zones>peri-urban agricultural areas>areas alongside highways>general agricultural areas. In addition, cadmium in all four types of areas reached moderate accumulation, while the other seven elements were slightly accumulated. However, each area still meets the requirements for green food production.

Key words: soil, heavy metal, function area, potential ecological risk

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