生物有机肥联合菌剂施用对新垦水田土壤碳组分、酶活性及碳过程的影响

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20240524

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开展生物有机肥联合菌剂对新垦水田土壤有机碳和酶活性的影响研究,对土壤快速培肥和新垦农田的可持续生产具有重要意义。选取浙江省衢州市“占补平衡”政策下丘陵新垦水田为研究对象,利用生物有机肥联合不同梯度菌剂设置5组不同处理:处理1(生物有机肥+667 m²菌剂30 kg)、处理2(生物有机肥+667 m²菌剂35 kg)、处理3(生物有机肥+667 m²菌剂40 kg)、处理4(生物有机肥+667 m²菌剂50 kg)、处理5(生物有机肥+667 m²菌剂60 kg)。在水稻收获期采集耕层土壤样品,分析土壤有机碳含量和酶活性特征。结果表明:随着施肥梯度增加,新垦水田土壤有机碳含量呈增长趋势,但处理间无显著差异;施肥梯度提高一定程度改善了土壤碳循环酶的活性,相较于处理1,处理4和5显著提高了纤维素酶活性(P<0.05);高施肥梯度(处理4和5)提高了土壤碳过程,但是在处理间无显著差异;土壤碳过程与酚氧化酶和纤维素酶活性呈正显著相关关系(P<0.05)。综上所述,生物有机肥联合菌剂施肥梯度的增加,可以改善土壤有机碳含量、酶活性,促进土壤碳循环过程,在长期持续的改良作用下将有利于新垦水田的可持续利用。

关键词: 新垦水田, 生物有机肥, 土壤有机碳, 酶活性, 碳过程

Abstract:

Exploring the effects of combined application of bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agents on soil organic carbon and enzyme activity is of great significance for rapid improved soil fertility and sustainable production in newly cultivated paddy fields. Selecting newly cultivated paddy fields in hilly areas under the "balance of ccupation and compensation"policy in Quzhou City,Zhejiang Province as the study object, five different treatments were set up using bio-organic fertilizer combined with different gradient microbial agents: Treatment 1 (bio-organic fertilizer+per 667 m² 30 kg microbial agent), Treatment 2 (bio-organic fertilizer+per 667 m² 35 kg microbial agent), Treatment 3 (bio-organic fertilizer+per 667 m² 60 kg microbial agent), Treatment 4 (bio-organic fertilizer+per 667 m² 50 kg microbial agent), and Treatment 5 (bio-organic fertilizer+per 667 m² 60 kg microbial agent). Soil samples of the plough layer were collected during rice harvest period to analyze the soil organic carbon content and the characteristics of enzyme acticity. The results showed that as the microbial agent gradient increased, the organic carbon content of newly cultivated paddy soil showed an increasing trend, but there was no significant difference between the treatments. The increase in microbial agent gradient improved the activity of soil carbon cycling enzymes to some extent. Compared with treatment 1, treatment 4 and 5 significantly increased cellulase activity (P<0.05). High microbial agent gradients (treatment 4 and 5) increased soil carbon processes, but there was no significant difference between treatment 4 and 5. There was a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between soil carbon processes and phenolic oxidase and cellulase. In summary, as the gradient of combined bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agents increases, it can improve soil organic carbon content and enzyme activity, promote soil carbon cycling process, which will be beneficial for the sustainable utilization of newly cultivated paddy fields under long-term continuous improvement.

Key words: newly cultivated paddy fields, bio-organic fertilizer, soil organic carbon, enzyme activity, carbon process

中图分类号:

S158.1

李友杰, 陈梓涵, 杜佳梅, 陈夏妮, 张悦, 杨奇煜, 李子璇, 赵明星, 张宪翠, 李鹏, 周巍, 张玉良, 胡丽华, 吴酬飞. 生物有机肥联合菌剂施用对新垦水田土壤碳组分、酶活性及碳过程的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2025, 66(6): 1501-1505.

LI Youjie, CHEN Zihan, DU Jiamei, CHEN Xiani, ZHANG Yue, YANG Qiyu, LI Zixuan, ZHAO Mingxing, ZHANG Xiancui, LI Peng, ZHOU Wei, ZHANG Yuliang, HU Lihua, WU Choufei. Effects of combined application of bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agents on soil carbon composition, enzyme activity, and carbon process in newly cultivated paddy fields[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 66(6): 1501-1505.

图/表 6

表1 施肥处理设置

Table 1 Fertilization treatments

处理	667 m²基面肥/kg			667 m²穗肥/kg		667 m²穗肥/kg
处理	生物有机肥	菌剂	复合肥	菌剂	尿素	菌剂	尿素	氯化钾
1	750	10	17.5	10	14	10	3.5	1.4
2	750	15	17.5	10	14	10	3.5	1.4
3	750	15	17.5	15	14	10	3.5	1.4
4	750	20	17.5	20	14	10	3.5	1.4
5	750	25	17.5	25	14	10	3.5	1.4

图1 不同处理下有机碳组分含量柱上无相同小写字母表示不同施肥处理间差异显著(P< 0.05),图2~3同。

Fig.1 Soil organic carbon fraction contents under different treatments

表2 土壤活性有机碳组分占总有机碳比例

Table 2 Proportion of soil active organic carbon components to total organic carbon

处理	DOC/TOC/%	POC/TOC/%
1	0.26±0.15 a	57.98±8.88 a
2	0.30±0.14 a	44.95±14.70 a
3	0.41±0.36 a	71.19±52.86 a
4	0.17±0.06 a	44.61±21.62 a
5	0.05±0.01 a	24.31±2.50 a

图2 不同处理下土壤碳循环相关酶活性

Fig.2 Soil carbon cycling-related enzyme activity under different treatments

图3 不同处理下的土壤碳过程

Fig.3 Soil carbon process under different treatments

图4 土壤有机碳组分、碳循环酶活性和碳过程间相互关系 “*”表示P<0.05,“**”表示P<0.01。

Fig.4 Interrelationship between soil organic carbon components, carbon cycle enzyme activities and carbon processes

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