果蝇取食选择性与晚稻杨梅果实成熟度及其品质的关系

doi:10.16178/j.issn.0528-9017.20230768

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

果蝇是危害杨梅果实的主要害虫,为了明确田间果蝇对不同成熟度晚稻杨梅果实的产卵取食选择性及其与果实品质指标的相关性。使用两种方法统计了田间6个成熟度等级晚稻杨梅果实上的果蝇数量,测定各成熟度果实品质指标,并对果蝇数量与各指标进行相关性分析。结果表明,田间条件下,果蝇存在对不同成熟度晚稻杨梅果实的选择性,在各成熟度果实上均可产卵取食且果蝇数量总体分布存在显著差异(P<0.001),成熟度最低的绿色果实上果蝇数量最少,果蝇趋向于在成熟度高的果实上进行产卵取食。果实浸泡统计果蝇数量与各果实品质指标之间均有极显著相关性,而果实套袋统计果蝇数量仅与黄蓝值b^*有显著相关性。研究结果可为晚稻杨梅果蝇精准防治时机的选择提供科学依据。

关键词: 杨梅, 果蝇, 成熟度, 选择性

Abstract:

Drosophila is the main pest that harms the fruit of Myrica rubra. In order to clarify the oviposition and feeding selectivity of Drosophila on Wandao fruits with different maturity in the field and their correlation with fruit quality indicators. Two methods were used to count the number of Drosophila on the fruit of 6 maturity levels of Wandao Myrica rubra in the field. The quality indicators of each maturity level fruit were measured, and the correlation analysis between the number of Drosophila and each indicator was conducted. The results showed that under field conditions, Drosophila exhibited selectivity towards Wandao fruits of different maturity levels. They could lay eggs and feed on fruits of different maturity levels, and there were significant differences in the overall distribution of Drosophila numbers (P<0.001). The green fruits with the lowest maturity levels had the least number of Drosophila, and Drosophila tended to lay eggs and feed on fruits with higher maturity levels. There is a highly significant correlation between the number of Drosophila in soaking fruit and various fruit quality indicators, while the number of Drosophila in bagging fruit is only significantly correlated with the yellow blue value b^*. The research results can provide scientific basis for the selection of precise control timing for Drosophila on Myrica rubra cv. Wandao.

Key words: Myrica rubra, Drosophila, maturity, selectivity

中图分类号:

S646.1

何兴华, 赵颖, 陈叶平, 邱立军. 果蝇取食选择性与晚稻杨梅果实成熟度及其品质的关系[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2024, 65(12): 2915-2920.

HE Xinghua, ZHAO Ying, CHEN Yeping, QIU Lijun. The relationship between the feeding selectivity of Drosophila and the fruit maturity and quality of Myrica rubra cv. Wandao[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 65(12): 2915-2920.

图/表 6

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颜色等级	L^*	a^*	b^*	a^/b^	C	H	CIRG
1	48.45±0.65 a	-1.61±0.20 e	16.09±0.89 a	-0.10±0.02 e	16.17±0.87 d	95.75±1.05 a	1.30±0.02 f
2	40.67±0.35 b	14.50±1.94 d	9.89±0.67 b	1.46±0.15 d	17.56±1.89 d	34.46±2.64 b	2.50±0.06 e
3	39.62±0.84 b	22.83±0.13 b	3.47±0.11 d	6.58±0.21 a	23.09±0.13 b	8.65±0.27 d	2.73±0.07 d
4	28.42±1.98 c	24.82±1.47 ab	4.44±0.40 cd	5.61±0.34 b	25.22±1.51 ab	10.15±0.60 cd	3.17±0.18 c
5	23.48±1.45 d	25.31±1.22 a	4.87±0.46 c	5.22±0.43 bc	25.77±1.25 a	10.89±0.87 cd	3.44±0.18 b
6	17.48±0.92 e	20.37±0.78 c	4.13±0.27 cd	4.94±0.24 c	20.79±0.80 c	11.46±0.55 c	4.40±0.03 a

颜色等级	L^*	a^*	b^*	a^/b^	C	H	CIRG
1	48.45±0.65 a	-1.61±0.20 e	16.09±0.89 a	-0.10±0.02 e	16.17±0.87 d	95.75±1.05 a	1.30±0.02 f
2	40.67±0.35 b	14.50±1.94 d	9.89±0.67 b	1.46±0.15 d	17.56±1.89 d	34.46±2.64 b	2.50±0.06 e
3	39.62±0.84 b	22.83±0.13 b	3.47±0.11 d	6.58±0.21 a	23.09±0.13 b	8.65±0.27 d	2.73±0.07 d
4	28.42±1.98 c	24.82±1.47 ab	4.44±0.40 cd	5.61±0.34 b	25.22±1.51 ab	10.15±0.60 cd	3.17±0.18 c
5	23.48±1.45 d	25.31±1.22 a	4.87±0.46 c	5.22±0.43 bc	25.77±1.25 a	10.89±0.87 cd	3.44±0.18 b
6	17.48±0.92 e	20.37±0.78 c	4.13±0.27 cd	4.94±0.24 c	20.79±0.80 c	11.46±0.55 c	4.40±0.03 a

颜色等级	pH值	可溶性固形物含量/%	可滴定酸含量/%
1	2.50±0.01 f	8.67±0.06 f	4.74±0.04 a
2	2.57±0.01 e	9.37±0.06 e	3.72±0.04 b
3	2.66±0.01 d	10.13±0.06 d	2.89±0.03 c
4	2.76±0.01 c	10.87±0.05 c	2.16±0.01 d
5	2.86±0.01 b	11.77±0.06 b	1.84±0.06 e
6	3.25±0.01 a	13.13±0.06 a	1.22±0.04 f

颜色等级	pH值	可溶性固形物含量/%	可滴定酸含量/%
1	2.50±0.01 f	8.67±0.06 f	4.74±0.04 a
2	2.57±0.01 e	9.37±0.06 e	3.72±0.04 b
3	2.66±0.01 d	10.13±0.06 d	2.89±0.03 c
4	2.76±0.01 c	10.87±0.05 c	2.16±0.01 d
5	2.86±0.01 b	11.77±0.06 b	1.84±0.06 e
6	3.25±0.01 a	13.13±0.06 a	1.22±0.04 f

统计方法	L^*	a^*	b^*	a^/b^	C	H	CIRG	pH值	可溶性固形物含量	可滴定酸含量
浸泡统计果蝇数量	-0.861^**	0.741^**	-0.831^**	0.821^**	0.687^**	-0.751^**	0.854^**	0.798^**	0.873^**	-0.915^**
套袋统计果蝇数量	0.015	0.034	0.548^*	-0.355	0.084	0.355	-0.120	-0.079	-0.079	0.023